The fact of moral consciousness in Arthur Schopenhauer's 1820 lecture on the Metaphysics of Morals
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https://doi.org/10.5902/2179378688215Keywords:
Metaphysics of customs, Morals, Ethics, Moral conscienceAbstract
Based on the text of the translation of the lecture on the metaphysics of customs released in June 2024 by the publisher of Unesp, I present an examination of the concepts of “Gewissensangst” and “Reue” as counterpoints to the concept of moral law. It is intended to demonstrate that Schopenhauer, when affirming the existence of a moral meaning for human actions, indicates the feeling of remorse as the basis for such meaning and legitimacy of morality, vehemently denying the possibility of a doctrine of duty based on the idea of a moral law, thus opposing Kantian ethics. This opposition permeates the entire text of the metaphysics of morals, appearing as a topic in the 1820 lecture.
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SCHOPENHAUER, A. Arthur Schopenhauers sämtliche Werke.Hrsg. von Paul Deussen. Munique: R. Piper, 1911-1942.
SCHOPENHAUER, A. Arthur Schopenhauers handschriftlicher Nachlaß. Philosophische Vorlesungen -Metaphysik der Sitten. Munique: R. Piper, 1911-1942. p. 367-584.
SCHOPENHAUER, A.O mundo como vontade e como representação. Tomo I. Tradução, apresentação, notas e índices de Jair Barboza. São Paulo: Editora UNESP, 2005.
SCHOPENAHUER, A. Sobre o fundamento da Moral. Tradução: Maria Lucia Cacciola. Editora Martins Fontes, 1995.
SCHOPENHAUER, A. Metafísica dos Costumes, Tradução: Eli Vagner Francisco Rodrigues. São Paulo: Editora da Unesp, 2024.
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