Inclusion of the relative spacing index in the stand density management diagram
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509827219Keywords:
Thinning, Tolerance, Growth, YieldAbstract
This study aimed to structure the production in volume of Pinus taeda L. stands, through a management diagram, based on the following parameters: population density, dominant height, average diameter of basal area and relative spacing index. The data used came from 128 permanent plots, which were measured annually up to 18 years of age and conducted at full density, with spacing of 1.5x1.0 m and 1.5x2.0 m. At the same time, data from permanent plots subjected to different thinning intensities were used, and the density was regulated by the relative spacing index. The management diagram elaborated allowed the prognosis of the volume per hectare, the average diameter of the basal area and the availability of growth space, through the relative spacing index, from the variables dominant height and number of trees with precision and low error of estimate.Downloads
References
ALVARES, C. A. et al. Köppen's climate classification map for Brazil. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, Stuttgart, v. 22, n. 6, p. 711-728, 2014.
BARRIO-ANTA, M. et al. An ecoregional model for estimating volume, biomass and carbon pools in maritime pine stands in Galicia (northwestern Spain). Forest Ecology and Management, Amsterdam, v. 223, n. 1/3, p. 24-34, 2006.
BECKING, J. H. Einige Gesichtspunkte für die Durchfürung von vergleichenden Durchfostungsversunchen in Gleichaltrigen Beständen. In: IUFRO Congress, Roma, 1954. Proccedings […]. Roma: [s. n.], 1954.
CASTEDO-DORADO, F. et al. Development of a stand density management diagram for radiata pine stands including assessment of stand stability. Forestry, Oxford, v. 82, n. 1, p. 1-16, 2009.
DAVIS, K. P. Forest management: regulation and valuation. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966. 519 p.
DEAN, J. T.; BALDWIN, V. C. Using a density-management diagram to develop thinning schedules for loblolly pine plantations. [S. l.]: USDA Forest Service; Southern Forest Experimental Station, 1993.
DEAN, T. J.; BALDWIN, V. C. Crown management and stand density. In: CARTER, M. (ed.). Growing tress in a greener world: industrial forestry in the 21st Century. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, 1996. p. 148-159.
DEL RIO, M. et al. Analysis of diameter-density relationships and self-thinning in non-thinned even-aged Scots pine stands. Forest Ecology and Management, Amsterdam, v. 142, p. 79-87, 2001.
DREW, T. J.; FLEWELLING, J. W. Stand density management: an alternative approach and its application to Douglas-fir plantations. Forest Science, Bethesda, n. 25, p. 518-532, 1979.
EMBRAPA. Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos. Brasília: EMBRAPA, 1999. 412 p.
FISHWICK, R. W. Uso do percentual de espaçamento relativo de Hart-Becking para o controle dos desbastes. Brasília: PRODEPEF; IBDF, 1975. 7 p.
JACK, S. B.; LONG, J. N. Linkages between silviculture and ecology: analysis of density management diagrams. Forest Ecology and Management, Amsterdam, v. 86, n. 1/3, p. 205-220, 1996.
NEWTON, P. F. Stand density management diagrams: review of their development and utility in stand-level management planning. Forest Ecology and Management, Amsterdam, v. 98, p. 251-265, 1997.
NEWTON, P. F.; WEETMAN, G. F. Stand density management diagram for managed black spruce stands. The Forestry Chronicle, Ottawa. v. 70, n. 1, p. 65-74, 1994.
SAS INSTITUTE. SAS/STAT user’s guide. Version 8 (computer manual). Cary, 1999.
SMITH, N. J.; HANN, D. W. A growth model based on the self-thinning rule. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, New Westminster, v. 16, n. 2, p. 330-334, 1986.
TANG, S. et al. A growth and self-thinning model for pure even-aged stands: theory and applications. Forest Ecology and Management, Amsterdam, v. 70, n. 1/3, p. 67-73, 1994.
WESTOBY, M. The place of the self-thinning rule in population dynamics. The American Naturalist, Chicago, v. 118, n. 4, p. 581-587, 1981.
YODA, K. et al. Self-thinning in overrowed pure stands under cultivated and natural conditions. Journal Biology, [s. l.], v. 14, p. 107-129, 1963.
ZEIDE, B. Analysis of the 3/2 power law of self-thinning. Forest Science, Bethesda, v. 33, n. 2, p. 17-537, 1987.
ZEIDE, B. Self-thinning and stand density. Forest Science, Bethesda, v. 37, n. 2, p. 517-523, 1991.
