Sensitivity of an unusual cyclone in South America to convective parameterization schemes in RegCM5
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X76666Keywords:
Raoni, Subtropical transition, Convection, Model simulations, RegCM5Abstract
Raoni storm (2021) was a remarkable and unusual cyclone that developed on the Atlantic coast of southern South America. This study evaluates the performance of different parameterization schemes with the RegCM5 model in simulating the evolution of Raoni. Results show that the Tiedtke convective scheme has the best performance in representing the evolution of the cyclone in terms of position, intensity and duration, though the maximum intensities are underestimated with respect to ERA5 reanalysis. The cyclone growth and its initial propagation are fairly well represented by the Emanuel scheme, but the cyclone dissipates too early. In the Grell scheme, the cyclone moved southeastward and then a new cyclone developed along the coast of southern Brazil. The erroneous representation of the upper-level structure prevented the decrease of vertical wind shear which is an important factor to the development of a low-level warm core. In terms of precipitation, all the convective schemes show the increased precipitation during the initial stages of the cyclone, followed by a rapid decrease. These findings would be helpful in choosing the more appropriate cumulus parameterization schemes for cyclone simulations over South America, and in improving model predictions given the existence of model bias derived by imperfections in physical parameterizations.
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