Ciência e Natura

Space-temporal and nictemeral variation of limnological parameters in the Jacuí Delta, Lake Guaíba, RS, Brazil

Marco Vinicius Martins — 2022-06-29

Water is an essential good for life, participating in the vast majority of environmental processes and in human activities aimed at production, consumption and leisure. The evaluations of the water parameters, contemplating the studies on the spatio-temporal variations, the nicthemeral alterations (changes throughout the 24 hours of the day) and the vertical distribution of these parameters along the water column, are important for the knowledge about the water quality and understanding of ecological processes in aquatic environments. Environmental concern is growing in the Lake Guaíba hydrographic basin, since the organic load input from the forming rivers, especially the Gravataí and Sinos rivers compromise the water quality in the Jacuí Delta. In the present work, the physical and physical variables of the water were evaluated in two sampling points, no left channel (Canal Navegantes) and no right channel (Canal Jacuí), both sharing in Delta do Jacuí, in Porto Alegre and Eldorado do Sul, LOL. The pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, turbidity and electrical conductivity values were collected in the water column at three depths (surface, medium, deep), in September and November 2019 and January and February 2020, with the help of portable equipment, in a 24h profile. Through analysis of variance, it was found that for pH, the mean values in surface water were higher. Conductivity and OD spatially differed. Through correlation, positive values of temperature with pH (0.46), pH with oxygen (0.30) and negative values for conductivity and dissolved oxygen (-0.55) were detected. The (PCA), when the main component 1 and 2, together represent 75.62% of all data variation. For the months, there was a difference between all. The sampling sites showed thermal inversion in September and November and thermal and chemical stratification in February.

Performance evaluation in the acquisition of meteorological data from a low cost station for water sports practitioners

Sergio Roberto Sanches — 2022-05-31

Outdoor water sports practitioners need information about the meteorological elements in the place where they practice it, however, the information available most of the time does not take into account the specificities of the surroundings and does not contemplate the real situation. The objective of this study is to develop a weather station with real-time data transmission, for a communication application for water sports players' cell phones. The methodology was divided into three stages: elaboration of a prototype of a weather station with low cost sensors; comparison of meteorological elements obtained in the prototype and IFSC Campus Florianopolis station and transmission of meteorological elements measured by the prototype via 4G network, in real time. Field tests and adjustments in the development phase of the station were carried out at the Florianopolis Campus of the Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFSC), by comparing the data from the developed station and a portable weather station from Vaisala brand model WXT510. Data transmission took place with the development of a communication module coupled to a cell phone with OTG technology. As a result, the comparison between the meteorological elements measured between the stations obtained a Spearman correlation of 0.972; 0.929; 0.989; 0.944 and 1, respectively for wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, relative air humidity and atmospheric pressure, indicating that in all measured meteorological elements the time series are strongly correlated.

Flood risks in regularized watersheds: Case study of the flood in the Mondego River, Portugal

Marcelle Martins Vargas — 2022-05-31

Hydrological studies of flooding in watersheds with a high hazard of inundation are important for mitigation and prevention methodologies. The Mondego river flooding, which occurred in Portugal in 2001, with 460.1 mm total month precipitation around the city of Coimbra, generated great economic and social losses. This study proposed to calculate the flood Return Period (RP) that occurred in 2001 using a methodology developed for the analysis of flood risk in regularized basins. The information used in this analysis was data of precipitation and reservoir average level. The results showed that the 2001 Mondego River flood has an RP of 439.4 years. The combination of precipitation and reservoir data proved to be important to understand the dynamics of floods in a regularized basin. In this sense, the proposed methodology can be applied to any basin that is heavily influenced by upstream reservoirs.

Hydrological modelling applied to flooding assessment in the urban coastal city in Brazil

Marcos da Silva Lourenço — 2022-05-09

The urban region of many coastal municipalities is marked by the growing process of urbanization of its marine river plain and presents great challenges related to the drainage of rainwater. This study seeks to verify the influence of the flood wave, coming from the upper part of the Macaé River hydrographic basin, in the flooding of the urban area, using MOHID platform, Land module, for the hydrodynamic simulation. The municipality of Macaé, located in the north of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), has a dense network of tributary channels, built to drain more quickly the waters that accumulate in the floodplains during the rainy seasons. The current configuration of this system is insufficient to reconcile the current land use and runoff, and the floods impose several economic losses. Given this scenario, the Hydrographic Basin Committee of the region, through its Water Resources Plan, recommended studies on the theme, pointing out the need for a more detailed topographic description. The results of the model were compared with a rain that occurred in March 2018, which caused flooding in various points of the urban area. The methodology used can be applied in other municipalities with the same need.

Study of the relation of air quality and meteorological variables in the occurrence of respiratory morbidity

Elisângela Conceição Lara — 2022-05-31

Atmospheric pollution is responsible for several damages to human health. The respiratory system has direct contact with the external environment and can absorb harmful elements present in the atmosphere causing acute and chronic respiratory diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations among air quality, meteorological variables, and the number of hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in the city of Canoas/RS between January 2014 and December 2018. For the statistical correlation among these factors, the Pearson correlation (r) was used through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 26.0 for Windows, considering significant when p<0.05. The air quality parameters, PM₁₀, NO₂, and O₃, exceeded the limits recommended by regulatory agencies. In the hospital admissions records, there was a greater registry of hospitalizations of males and in the elderly age group. It is possible to verify a significant correlation between air pollutants and hospital admissions, as well as meteorological variables. Therefore, it is necessary the implementation of effective policies and practices to minimize the health risks associated with air pollution and thus decrease the adverse effects related to this exposure.

A study on the triple bottom line concept applied to sustainable construction through the methodology of systematic literature review

Jeanni Alves Nunes Monteiro — 2022-06-29

The concerns about construction sustainability, as seen by the Triple bottom line (TBL) framework, appeared in the 90's, as defined by Elkington. This concept aimed to provide a balance between the economic, social, and environmental dimensions. In order to consolidate the framework, it is important to identify the concepts related to sustainability that are being used in the context of sustainable construction. This paper performed a systematic review on the TBL concept applied to sustainable construction, from 2010 to 2021, in the following databases: Scielo, Scopus, and Science direct. Initially, 739 papers were found; 169 made it through the primary screening and 33 were selected after reading the abstracts and removing duplicates. An increase in TBL-related research was observed in the last 10 years, specifically in the field of sustainability of buildings. Likewise, new concepts have been incorporated, such as circular economy, which may result in new ways to support sustainable development. Many of the papers demonstrated the absence of a holistic view of evaluation.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles promote histopathological and genotoxic effects in Danio rerio after acute and chronic exposures

Juliana Machado Kayser — 2022-05-31

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂-NPs) are among the most used nanomaterials worldwide, but studies evaluating its genotoxicity and histopathological effects are scarce, dealing with short exposure times and low concentrations for human use. The aim was to evaluate TiO₂-NPs genotoxicity and histological alterations in the intestine and liver of zebrafish after exposure to human consumption compatible concentrations. Fishes were acutely (96 hours) and chronically (30 days) exposed to 5.0, 20 and 40 mg L^-1 of TiO₂-NPs and later euthanized for organ and blood analysis through histological procedures and the micronucleus test, respectively. An increase in the thickness of intestinal villi was observed after acute and chronic exposure in the higher concentrations. The liver showed an increase in vacuolated hepatocytes after both exposures, besides an increase in hepatocytes with peripheral nucleus. Genotoxicity was only observed after chronic exposure, demonstrated by the increase in micronucleus and cell buddings. These findings indicate that TiO₂-NPs cause histopathological damage even in acute exposures, as the intestine serves as a barrier for NPs and the liver is an organ that accumulates Ti. Genotoxicity was possibly mediated by reactive oxygen species through chronic inflammation, leading to tissue damage and carcinogenesis in longer exposures that represents human exposure time.

Determination of pesticides in hydroponic water for environmental phytoremediation

Anderson da Silva Rosa — 2022-06-13

This study validated a simple, and fast method by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector (HPLC -DAD) for pesticide phytoremediation analysis. The method was developed in water and in a hydroponic medium. Sample extraction and concentration were performed by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) with Strata C18-E type cartridges. The SPE-HPLC-DAD method was successfully applied in the detection and quantification of quinclorac, 2,4-D, propanil, bentazon, clomazone and tebuconazole in water and hydroponic medium for 14 days. The method presented excellent results with the linearity of 0.9969 - 0.9994 and the lowest limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of pesticides was 1.7 μg/L and 5.0 μg/L, respectively with RSD <11.92%. The average recovery obtained ranged from 77.62% to 109.73% and RSD <12.70%. A Lactuca sativa species promoted phytoremediation on the 7^th day for 2,4-D and tebuconazole and on the 14^th day for clomazone.

Briology studies in the northern region

Larissa de Souza Saldanha — 2022-05-31

This article is a literature review aimed at answering the following question: Over the past 30 years, research on bryophytes in northern states has intensified, allowing the identification and conservation of the biological diversity of bryophytes in this region. region? For data collection, we used the databases SCIELO, Google Scholar and sucupira platform. The inclusion criteria were defined as articles published between 1988 and 2018, and the exclusion criteria were articles from those 30 years old that were not located. States outside the northern region were excluded. Over the last 30 years, there were 186 scientific works, of which 58 articles were analyzed. Advances in Bryophyta research in the northern region are linked only to Brioflora's urban centers and surveys, so knowledge of the entire region is required for use in different areas of science.

Spatio-temporal correlation between burn hotspots, pasture areas and cattle production at the state of rondônia between the years of 2002 and 2016

Weliton Teixeira da Cruz — 2022-06-20

The unsustainable model of land use and occupation in the State of Rondônia is a threat to biodiversity balance, to the biological cycles and to the provision of ecosystem services provided by forests. In this sense, this article presents an analysis of correlation between burn hotspots, pasture areas and bovine production for the State of Rondônia. Research products were deployed such as maps to demonstrate spatial relationship, graphs to demonstrate the historical series and charts to demonstrate the correlation between the variables. Due to the non-adherence of data to normality, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used. Softwares ArcGis version 10.1 and Jamovi version 1.6 were used. The correlation between fires and bovine production in the State was significant, positive and with a week/moderate tendency, with evidence values ranging from 0.282 to 0.400; while for correlation between pasture areas and forest fires was significant with a trend ranging from 0.485 to 0.633; between bovine production and pasture areas, there is a strong correlation with a significative positive trend from 0.833 to 0.914. It is possible to verify an increase in the values of the variables throughout the time series, and correlation between them. In this scenario, it is urgent to adopt public policies for territorial planning and strengthening of fiscalization agencies.

Water and Sewage in prospect of Sustainable Logistics Management Plan: An analysis of Brazilian Federal Universities practices

Kemerson Cantero Campos — 2022-05-31

The Sustainable Logistics Management Plan ruled by Decree 7,746/2012 and by Normative Instruction. 10/2012, is a planning instrument that aims to change the organs and entities connected to the Federal Public Administration policy faced to Water and Sewage good practices. Those rules state that each public bodies must present the Action Plan followed the respective Monitoring Reports. Thus, this article aimed to evaluate the Water and Sewage policies applied on the 63 Brazilian Federal Universities Plan. The methodology implied an exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, based on documentary analysis, accomplished through content analysis. The results pointed to relative adherence of the Brazilian Federal University to the Plan, as long as thirty and five published their Action Plans and eighteen of them revealed the correspondent Monitoring Reports. The results show that, even being a federal law, the Plan has not reached its goal yet on Brazilian Federal University on Water and Sewage policy.

Conceptual frontiers about sustainable cities, smart cities and bioeconomy terms: What do scientific researchs, published in literature, have to say?

José Carlos de Jesus Lopes — 2021-09-29

Discussions on Sustainable Cities, Smart Cities and Bioeconomics have become more comprehensive over the past few decades, considering the need for the applicability of sustainability among the various human activities around the planet. Then, this paper aims to examine, highlighted by literature, the conceptual boundaries between the Sustainable Cities, Smart Cities and Bioeconomics terms. The systematic review method was applied on this research, based on the website Periódicos Capes and Web Of Science. The search in these databases was carried out from January 2010 to December 2019, resulting in the selection of 217 articles. It found that the academic production related to Sustainable Cities, Smart Cities and Bioeconomics aproaches is scarce. The results motivate the continuation of new survey complementary data in other data bases in order to expand its scope of research.

Chemical Residues in Rice Culture: A Bibliographic Review

Frederico Fonseca da Silva — 2021-09-29

Rice is the most cultivated cereal in the world and the main component of human food. Due to the particularity that this crop develops in rainfed areas, irrigated and, mainly, flooded, associated with intense agricultural activity. The final product becomes a potential vehicle, directly or indirectly, of innumerable diseases caused by pesticides used during the phase vegetative; absorption of various cations that, in excess, cause disturbances in man and, percolation in the soil carrying elements or chemical compounds that will contaminate rivers, springs and groundwater. In addition to receiving significant amounts of post-harvest pesticides in search of better storage and conservation. Given the above, the objective of this work is to search the literature for reports of contamination of rice in human food, indicating the need for greater control of the product in the final stage of the production chain, that is, in the stages of culture, harvesting, storage and marketing. Therefore, a way to reduce the possibility of causing diseases to humans due to the load of pesticides applied during their production.

Reverse logistics in gas stations in the metropolitan region of Curitiba (Brazil)

Mayara Fernanda Simões — 2022-05-31

The National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) established by Law 12,305/2010, mentions Reverse Logistics (RL) as a development tool for the return of the production cycle, and also presents instruments for shared responsibility for the life cycle of products. The RL of lubricating oils in post-consumption and return is linked to concern for the environment and sustainability in the business sphere. The aim of this study was to describe the RL process of gas stations and their tax benefits, through bibliographic and documentary research, in addition to an unstructured interview with professionals involved in the process and through a case study. It was found that compliance with environmental obligations imposed by the Government, such as the destination of used or contaminated lubricating oil packaging (OLUC), can be considered inputs that may generate PIS and COFINS credits, and the revenues obtained from the sale of the destination of OLUC may be considered as environmental revenues, as well as the structure of real estate to be measured as environmental assets.

Some properties of the set of Liouville numbers

Anderson Luiz Maciel — 2022-06-15

The present work consists on the introduction of the Transcendental Number Theory beginnings. First, we will present the classical theorems of the rational approximations, finishing with the theorem of Hurwtiz-Markov. The following part is about Liouville Numbers and their intrinsic properties, proving their transcendence. Also, we will talk about the measure of irrationality, an interesting way to classify the degree of irrationality of certain real number. The last (but not least) topic is about the Liouville numbers as a set and their paradoxes, this set, in the view of the topology, is the complement of a Meagre set, which this means that is "big". However, on the analysis point of view, the Liouville Numbers has null measure, considering the Lebesgue and Hausdorff measures.

Inclusive Education in Science and Chemistry Teaching - A literature review on pedagogical proposals aimed at students with atypical development.

Franciane Silva Cruz de Lima — 2022-07-05

This article aims to analyze how the perspective of Inclusive Education is being addressed in research in Teaching Science and Chemistry, to identify pedagogical proposals for students with atypical development in the cognitive dimension, such as those with intellectual or multiple disabilities, syndromes, disorders developmental disorders, high abilities/giftedness or other learning disorder. To this end, a literature review, of the type of knowledge state, was carried out in journals classified in strata A1, A2 and B1 of Qualis/CAPES 2016 in Science Teaching, in the period of publications between 2006 and May 2019. The qualitative analysis performed revealed that 73 articles present the focus of interest of this research, and most of them are about the conceptions and formation of teachers and that a good part of the articles are theoretical and few described research in the school context and about didactic strategies. The results produced by categories of analysis show that more than half of the authors and research carried out are related to higher education institutions in the South and Southeast regions. Regarding the pedagogical principles of didactic sequences, most use audiovisual resources and reading materials. The scarcity of research is highlighted regarding the scope of the students' conceptions and cognitive aspects about their learning from the inclusive perspective in the main journals in the area, mainly analyzing didactic experiences in the Teaching of Science and Chemistry. Thus, the need to mobilize new research of this nature in the area is highlighted.

Seed Rain in a Degraded Mining Area: The Role of Bird Perches and Pioneer Trees

Allencar Jorge Kasper Branco — 2022-06-29

Mining causes changes in natural areas, from the elimination of vegetation and the seed bank to physical changes in the soil and water dynamics. The recovery of such impacted areas depends on both the natural process of secondary succession and the use of techniques that assist the return of the flora. Aiming to evaluate the seed rain in an area of basaltic rock mining, 18 seed collectors of 0.5 m² were installed placed under artificial perches, pioneer trees (natural perches) and control collectors. After 12 months, 8976 seeds of 33 plant species were quantified with an average density of 997 seeds m² year^-1 that differed statistically between the different perches. Artificial perches were more efficient in facilitating the seed rain, the most abundant of which were Cecropia pachystachya Trécul (n=3218), Andropogon bicornis L. (n=1417), Urochloa plantaginea (Link) R.D.Webster (n=1179), and Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (n=1138) were more abundant and represented 77.4% of total collected seeds and 12.1% of species richness. The installation of artificial perches should be encouraged in degraded areas, because they facilitate the visitation of birds and seed dispersal, contributing both to the arrival of seeds and to an increase in seed richness in the area.

Free-living protozoa (ciliophora, excavata and amoebozoa) in two water sources for human supply in the municipality of Blumenau, SC

Suelen Cristina Grott — 2022-06-08

The knowledge of the diversity of free-living protozoa in aquatic ecosystems represents an important tool in environmental quality management. It has been widely used in studies evaluating the water quality of fresh-water sources with environmental variables. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the diversity of free-living protozoa in two water sources used as a public supply for human consumption in the municipality of Blumenau, SC, for 12 months. Water samples were collected monthly for analysis of environmental variables and for identification of organisms. In total, 39 taxa were recorded in P1 and P2, both in the readings performed on the day of collection and in the cultivation. In P1, 11 taxa were identified in the readings of the day of collection, and after reading the cultivation, 20 new taxa were recorded. P2 presented 12 taxa in the readings performed on the day of collection and 10 new taxa in the cultivations' readings. Ciliates were the most expressive group in the period, with 69.5% frequency in P1 and 66.1% in P2. The results of the environmental variables in conjunction with the survey of the free-living protozoa of P1 and P2 did not show marked differences between the points. Still, they contributed to the knowledge of the diversity of protozoa in aquatic environments.

Geotechnologies for the assessment of environmental conflicts in the Vacacaí-Mirim river sub-basin

Ariel Cezar Teixeira — 2022-04-25

The degradation of forests is a process that has intensified over time due to human activities such as agricultural expansion, livestock and urbanization, causing numerous damages to ecosystems and, consequently, to human beings. Spatial analysis, through the use of geotechnologies, allows monitoring and obtaining information about natural and man-made phenomena that occur on the Earth's surface, with low cost and remotely. Such information can assist managers in making decisions about important resources essential to life and ecological balance, including water. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the areas along water courses and in the vicinity of water springs that presented conflict with the environmental legislation in the hydrographic sub-basin of the Vacacaí-Mirim River, in the year 2020, by means of geoprocessing and remote sensing techniques. For this, a high-resolution image fusion technique was used to CBERS 04A satellite high-definition images, generating a false-color composition, where environmental conflicts were identified and quantified in the Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) of the studied water courses resources. The results showed the existence of land use conflicts in 29.23% of the Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) over the studied water courses and in 31.4% of the APP around the water springs.

Analysis of the relations of land use and economic development in the municipality of Nova Esperança do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Franciele Delevati Ben — 2022-06-03

This work aims to analyze the spatialization of land use and discuss the socioeconomic data in the municipality of Nova Esperança do Sul. The analysis of land use and occupation provides information that allows the analysis of conflicts, gathering data and physical aspects of the study area. With the advancement of technology and remote sensing, you can see more easily the changes and impacts caused by human action. The use of geotechnologies helps to analyze land use and occupation, economic development and permanent preservation areas (APPs). The mapping used SENTINEL image with its interpretation through the use of the SCP plugin (Semi-Automatic Classification Plugin) in Qgis 3.16 software and map layout generation in Qgis 3.10.13. Forest, crops, fields, water bodies and urban areas were identified. Through the analyzes it was possible to identify that in the municipality of Nova Esperança do Sul there is a predominance of crops and in the field areas the raising of cattle is important for the municipality's economy. An important economic activity in the municipality is the leather industry, whose function is to internationally produce, deliver and supply leather articles for residential and automotive upholstery.

Description of the growth curve of the biquinho-type pepper plant under water stress

Rick Anderson Freire Mangueira — 2022-05-31

The consumption of pepper is quite common in Brazil, being used not only in food, but also in the pharmaceutical and hygienic segment, providing health benefits for having antibiotic effects, anti-inflammatory action and several vitamins. The objective of this work was to characterize the growth curve of the biquinho-type pepper plant, using the nonlinear regression models logistic, Gompertz and von Bertalanffy, to the plant's height data subjected to irrigation of 20% of its water requirement. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, belonging to the Agricultural Engineering Academic Unit (UAEAg) of the Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG. All the models used proved to be appropriate, but the von Bertalanffy model was the most adequate to fit the data according to the AIC statistics, estimating a maximum growth of 7.58cm for the plants in 163 days after sowing the crop. with the highest speed of growth per day obtained up to 38 days after sowing, when the height reached was 2.27cm.

Occurrence of chemical substances in water supply systems of Brazil: a nonparametric approach for statistical analysis of Sisagua data

Fernanda Bento Rosa Gomes — 2022-06-13

The objective of this work was to develop a methodology for statistical analysis of monitoring data of chemical compounds in drinking water supply systems in Brazil, using data from Sisagua (Drinking Water Quality Surveillance Information System). Initially, the inconsistencies in the database were identified and adjusted. Then, the descriptive statistics were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) method, evaluating its applicability in different censored data sets. The descriptive parameters were compared with the substitution method. The substitution method showed susceptibility to biased estimates, especially for groups of compounds containing high percentage of censored data and with high limits of quantification and detection, leading to higher descriptive parameters compared to KM method. This work reinforces the need to use appropriate methods for analyzing environmental data and evidences that the analysis of this type of data may be complex. The methods proposed here can help environmental scientists to deal with this issue, providing a systematic procedure to check and solve consistency problems, as well as presenting a nonparametric approach for computing descriptive statistics for environmental monitoring data.

Literature Review on Control Charts for Autocorrelated Processes

Valentina Wolff Lirio — 2022-05-02

This research aims to present a literature review (LR) on control charts for autocorrelated processes, intending to contribute to the scientific knowledge of the process management area. The article was constructed having a research question defined ex-ante, elaborated based on the literature, where a research protocol adapted from Tranfield, Denyer, and Smart (2003) was systematized according to the methodological rigor demanded in the literature review, which resulted in the composition of the research corpus. The research corpus was evaluated in detail using the bibliometric packages HistCite, VOSviewer, package R and Iramuteq. It was evaluated the validity of the 3 bibliometric laws were verified: Lotka's Law, Bradford's Law, and Zipf's Law based on the authors’ citation and co-citation techniques. This study is considered as relevant and original since it is the first literature review on control charts for autocorrelated processes. The results confirmed the 3 classical bibliometric laws for the researched corpus. As a practical implication, this review provides support for quality management scholars to unlock potential research gaps. The main limitation of the work refers to the composition of the textual corpus, given that databases of national journals were not consulted due to the difficulty in terms of compatibility of the software used in this research.

Alternative control of phytopathogenic bacteria with essential oils of Elionurus latiflorus and Cymbopogon flexuosus

Ana Paula Martinazzo — 2022-06-29

The use of hazardous chemicals has become a common practice to control diseases that affect agricultural production. In this scenario, society is challenged to increase food availability while reducing pesticide use, which causes damage to health and the environment. In this sense, essential oils appear as a promising alternative to reduce the use of pesticides, since they are plant-derived compounds. This study aimed to identify the main chemical components and evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial potential of essential oils of the Brazilian species Elionurus latiflorus and the exotic species Cymbopogon flexuosus against the phytopathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, Ralstonia solanacearum, Pectobacterium carotovorum pv. carotovorum and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. The main component identified of the essential oils was citral at the concentrations 65.38% for E. latiflorus and 71.6% for C. citratus. The analysis of the antibacterial activity of the essential oils showed effect against all bacteria analyzed when compared to the antibiotic gentamicin. The antibiotic produced inhibition zone diameters from 11.30 to 20.67 mm, while the essential oils produced the inhibition zones from 51.22 to 90 mm and pure citral around 86 mm. MIC values for essential oils were found between 25 and 200 µL/mL and MBC between 100 and 400 µL/mL. The study showed that the oils have inhibitory effect on the microorganisms tested.

Chemical evaluation of carbonized logs from Araucariaceae species: characterization of materials associated to multivariate analysis for environmental inferences

Daniela Mueller Lara — 2022-06-03

The main objective of this study was to develop a methodology to evaluate, by physical and chemical methods, artificially charred logs from three species of Araucariaceae, and compare them fossil charcoal collected in the Faxinal and Belvedere outcrops for possible paleoenvironmental inferences. The species studied were Araucaria angustifolia, Araucaria bidwillii and Araucaria columnaris. For fossil charcoal analyses we used samples from the Mina do Faxinal and samples from the Curva do Belvedere Outcrop. The carbonization process from species of Araucariaceae were Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) associated to the techniques of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and multivariate analysis. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that it is possible to describe 90,9% of the data, grouping the samples into two main clusters. Both samples of fossil charcoal from Belvedere and Faxinal showed charring characteristics above 400ºC. Results showed that technical associations, such as TGA, FTIR and multivariate analysis may help to characterize the natural carbonization process and contribute to important paleoenvironmental and archaeological information and inferences.

Precipitation schemes by quantile technique and its water balances in Barbalha - CE, Brazil

Luciano Fallé Saboya — 2022-05-02

The climate of a region results from the different combinations of atmospheric processes with a diversity of typology. The objective is to analyze rainfall fluctuations and their temporal fluctuations using the quantile technique applied to the study of rainfall for different rainfall regimes, very dry (MS), dry (S), normal (N), rainy (C) and very rainy (MC), together with the water balances, for Barbalha - CE, between 1973 and 2019. It used the monthly rainfall and thermal values, acquired from the National Institute of Meteorology. Values smaller than 922.90 mm, 17 MS events between 922.90 and 1083.23 mm, 13 S events between 1083 and 1210.79 mm, 6 N events between 1210.79 and 1294.79 mm and 4 events were observed C, rainfall greater than 1294.79 mm in 8 MC events. There are rains from January to April, regarding the replacement of water in the soil and the creation of surplus, different responses were observed. The quantile methodology and the water balance make it possible to understand the rainfall regimes, being indispensable for the planning of agricultural activities, bringing benefits to the local society.

Impacts of the ocean-atmosphere coupling into the very short range prediction system, during the impact of Hurricane Matthew on Cuba

Liset Vázquez Proveyer — 2022-05-02

The main goal of this investigation is analyzing the impact of insert the ocean-atmosphere coupling into the very short range prediction system of Cuba. The ocean-atmosphere coupled components of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport Modeling System are used for this purpose and the hurricane Matthew is selected as study case. Two experiments are performed: first, using a dynamic sea surface temperature, updated daily in the atmospheric model WRF; and second using a dynamic coupling between the atmospheric and an oceanic models. For the simulated track, the best results are obtained with the coupled system. The impact of coupling on the maximum wind velocities and minimum central pressure is studied. In the coupled system the sea surface temperature has more influence in the surface latent heat fluxes. Also, with this methodology the dry footprint and the behavior of the precipitation field in the presence of a hurricane are studied. This analysis shows that the hurricane acts like an open and self-sustained system in the numerical experiments. The highest differences in the precipitation simulations are in the significant convective area inside the hurricane.

Biodiversity in urban centers: knowing and acknowledging palm trees in Antônio Danubio Park

Karina de Nazaré Lima Alves — 2022-05-03

The green areas conservation in urban perimeters is an effective way to maintain native plant species, in addition to the important socio-environmental role they play in cities. Parque Antônio Danúbio is a conserved forest fragment in the metropolitan area of Belém, Pará, which presents a great diversity of native flora species, especially palm trees. The present study objective was to carry out a survey of the palm trees in Parque Antônio Danúbio aiming to know the vegetation structure through the distribution and frequency of the registered species. The study was made using a qualitative approach, frequency and structure analyzes (height classes) were also carried out. Nine palm species were identified, being açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), mumbaca (Astrocaryum gynacanthum Mart.) and bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.) the most frequent. Individuals distribution in the height classes indicated that there is regeneration in the environment. Such results show that Parque Antônio Danúbio presents a representative diversity of native palm trees, and the populations of these species enjoy good conditions for their development.