Pré-tratamentos na produção de etanol de segunda geração
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2236130813596Keywords:
Renewable energy, Biofuel, Hydrolysis, CelluloseAbstract
The increasing in ethanol production without expansion of plantation areas has been studied in Brazil, more intensively since the Proálcool initiative. The cellulosic biofuel is considered an alternative to expand this production in large scale for it does not only allow the use of sugar cane bagasse, as well as any lignocellulosic material, and uneatable plant parts, besides, the environmental appeal enables the short term production. One of the challenges is to improve the process of hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose, once that he first presents an almost crystalline structure and the second has a less regular structure. This paper aims to report the main used pre-treatments aiming to expose the cellulose and hemicellulose for hydrolysis (saccharification). The greatest challenge is due to the metabolization of the polysaccharide that is gradually impaired as the complexity of its chain increases. The degradation of cellulose weaves a network of several possibilities including even the fuel production for jet aircraft. Even with the fact that this area of research is recent, there is already such a pilot plant for production and the first refineries installed went into operation in 2011, however, in order to spread and gain markets it will have compete with the powerful oil market.
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