Análise da Taxa de Mortalidade Infantil no Município de Caçapava do Sul, RS

Abstract

Infant mortality is an important indicative not only of infant health,it also reflects the health status and the degree of social economicdevelopment of a certain population. The measurement of the infant deaths,in other words, of the deaths of children between zero and below one yearold, is made by the infant mortality rate that expresses the number of deathsof children with less of one year of age, for each a thousand been bornalive, in a considered area and year. In this work, the behavior of infantmortality rate is described in Caçapava do Sul, in the period of 1997 to2004. The data have been extracted from the birth statistics of SINASCand mortality statistics of SIM published by the Nucleus of Information inhealth of the Department of Health of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Toreach the proposed goal, the absolute frequencies of infant deaths in thedifferent age group have been analysed; the proportion of neonatal deathsand post-neonatal in relation to the total of infant deaths, during theconsidered year and period; the proportion of early and late neonatal deathsin relation to the total of deaths occurred in the first month of life; theinfant mortality rates and its components and, finally, the main groups ofcauses of infant deaths. It came to a conclusion that, in the outstandingperiod in this work, the historical series of the infantile mortality rates inthe city of Caçapava do Sul did not show a defined behavior, presentingvaried ups and downs from one year to the other. The smaller rate registeredwas 10.66 deaths for each group of a thousand been born alive, in 2000, andthe biggest of 23.72 deaths for a thousand born alive, in 2002. The neonatal component represented 59.04% of the total of infant deaths, withsuperiority of deaths happening in the first week of life (79.59%). Regardingto the main groups of cause of mortality, the affections originated in prenatalperiod were predominant, followed by the group of the inbornmalformations, chromosomes deformities and anomalies. The range resultsindicate that the infantile mortality rates in Caçapava, when compared withthe State of Rio Grande do Sul, the industrialized countries and some ofLatin America, points out in much upper values, giving indications that itis necessary to priorize aspects related to the health of the pregnant andjust born babies, with intention to soften this indicator of health and topromote improvements in the conditions of health of the people fromCaçapava do Sul.