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Ambientes físicos inclusivos para niños con trastorno del espectro autista: una revisión de la literatura

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5902/1984686X68331

Palabras clave:

Trastorno del espectro autista, Arquitectura sensorial, Diseño universal

Resumen

Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar qué características físicas pueden ayudar a diseñar entornos inclusivos para niños con trastorno del espectro autista, con el fin de ayudar a reducir las crisis de comportamiento y desarrollar nuevas habilidades y potencial. Para ello, se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura, con el objetivo de sistematizar los estudios publicados entre 2011 y 2021 que abordan sugerencias espaciales para el diseño de ambientes inclusivos para niños con TEA. La búsqueda se realizó en el Portal de Revistas CAPES. Se encontraron 540 artículos. Tras aplicar los criterios de exclusión, se analizaron en su totalidad 42 artículos. Finalmente, se incluyeron 22 artículos en el alcance de la revisión. Los resultados de los estudios se clasificaron en cinco temas: legibilidad espacial; organización en compartimentos; zonificación sensorial; diversidad de configuraciones espaciales; y seguridad. El análisis de datos evidenció el papel protagónico del control sensorial del entorno para su adaptación a las necesidades de las personas dentro del espectro. Se identificó la demanda de nuevos estudios empíricos enfocados en la intervención física y sensorial y en la evaluación de espacios inclusivos para el autismo, cubriendo una muestra poblacional mayor en su cuerpo de análisis.

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Biografía del autor/a

Mariana Ribeiro de Castro, Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE

Mestranda na Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.

Karla Patrícia Martins Ferreira, Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE

Professora pós-doutora da Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.

Citas

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Publicado

2022-03-30

Versiones

Cómo citar

Castro, M. R. de, & Ferreira, K. P. M. (2022). Ambientes físicos inclusivos para niños con trastorno del espectro autista: una revisión de la literatura. Revista De Educación Especial, 35, e15/1–19. https://doi.org/10.5902/1984686X68331