The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in the ABO blood group system: a case study in Engenheiro Coelho – SP

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X43422

Keywords:

Population genetics, Biomathematics, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, Bernstein model

Abstract

The genetics of human populations is the branch of Genetics that studies the dynamics of genes in natural populations, aiming at the elucidation of mechanisms that alter their genetic composition. Among the fundamentals of this science is the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, which determines that gene frequencies remain unchanged and genotypic proportions reach a stable balance, obtaining the same constant relation with each other over time. To demonstrate this principle, it is necessary to admit that the studied population is not subject to evolutionary factors or to those that alter genotypic frequencies, increasing the homozygosity. More specifically, it is necessary to assume that the population obeys the following premises: random mating, infinite population, non-overlapping generations, in addition to the absence of mutation, selection and migration. More than recalling basic concepts of Genetics and Statistics, this article aims to describe the Bernstein Method for verifying the gene equilibrium for blood types. The research is concluded with a case study in the city of Engenheiro Coelho - SP, where the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium for blood types in the population is verified.

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Author Biographies

Vinícius Freitas de Oliveira, Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo, Engenheiro Coelho, SP

Mestre em Matemática pela Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" e bacharel em Engenharia Civil pelo Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo. Atualmente é coordenador do Curso Técnico em Edificações do Colégio Adventista e professor do Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo para os cursos de Farmácia, Engenharia de Produção e Engenharia Agronômica.

Guilherme Augusto Pianezzer, Centro Universitário Internacional, Engenheiro Coelho, SP

Doutor em Métodos Numéricos em Engenharia, professor do Centro Universitário Internacional Uninter, professor da Faculdade da Lapa, graduando em Bacharelado em Filosofia e presidente da comissão permanente do EREMATSUL. É editor do periódico EREMATSUL. É Mestre em Métodos Numéricos em Engenharia, especialista em Formação Pedagógica do Professor Universitário: Didática do Ensino Superior, formado em Licenciatura em Matemática.

Suzete Maria Silva Afonso, A Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rio Claro, SP

Possui graduação em Matemática pela Universidade Federal Fluminense, mestrado em Matemática pela Universidade Federal Fluminense, doutorado em Matemática pela Universidade de São Paulo, pós-doutorado em Matemática pela Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic e é livre docente pela Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho". Atualmente é Professora Associada da Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus de Rio Claro, junto ao Departamento de Matemática.

References

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Published

2021-03-01

How to Cite

Oliveira, V. F. de, Pianezzer, G. A., & Afonso, S. M. S. (2021). The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in the ABO blood group system: a case study in Engenheiro Coelho – SP. Ciência E Natura, 43, e16. https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X43422

Issue

Vol. 43 (2021): Continuous Publication

Section

Mathematics

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