Estimation of CO2 exchange in the pampa biome: obtaining experimental parameters for use in modeling
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X87858Keywords:
Ecosystem respiration, Photosynthesis, Carbon, Native pastureAbstract
Due to the urge to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural systems, studies are being conducted in the fields of the Pampa biome to understand the dynamics of carbon exchanges and propose mitigation measures. In this study, a model was calibrated to estimate the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 in the native fields of the Pampa biome used for livestock, based on classical equations of ecosystem respiration and carbon assimilation through photosynthesis. For this purpose, NEE data obtained using the Eddy Covariance (EC) technique from a native field at the Santa Maria site in the years 2015 and 2016 were used to obtain the parameters utilized in the model. The parameters were obtained for each season, and the model was evaluated for the years 2019 and 2020 for both the Santa Maria site and the Aceguá site, located about 300 km from Santa Maria. The results showed that the model was able to estimate the NEE for the Santa Maria site with an average R² = 0.80 and RMSE 0.08 g C m-2 30 min-1, and for the Aceguá site with R² = 0.75 and RMSE 0.10 g C m-2 30 min-1. However, the model showed higher R² and higher RMSE during the summer and spring periods and lower values in winter and autumn at both sites. This model can be used to estimate the NEE of CO2 in the native fields of the Pampa biome as a basis for predicting CO2 absorption/emission across different seasons.
Downloads
References
BAGGIO, R. Estratégias de manejo adaptativo para os Campos Sulinos. 2017. 129 p. Tese (Doutorado em Ecologia) — Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 2017.
BARBIERI, C. W. et al. Beef heifers grazing behavior and herbage intake in natural grassland under rotational grazing. Ciência Rural, v. 45, n. 11, p. 2056–2062, nov. 2015.
BÉZIAT, P.; CESCHIA, E.; DEDIEU, G. Carbon balance of a three crop succession over two cropland sites in South West France. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, v. 149, n. 10, p. 1628–1645, mar. 2009.
BOLDRINI, I. IOB. Bioma pampa: diversidade florística e fisionômica. Porto Alegre: Pallotti, 2010.
BROADBENT, E. et al. A systematic review of patients’ drawing of illness: implications for research using the Common Sense Model. Health Psychology Review, v. 13, n. 4, p. 406–426, 2 out. 2019.
CEZIMBRA, I. M. et al. Potential of grazing management to improve beef cattle production and mitigate methane emissions in native grasslands of the Pampa biome. Science of The Total Environment, v. 780, p. 146582, ago. 2021.
FAO. (2013). Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock: A Global Assessment of Emissions and Mitigation Opportunities. Available from:< https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/e1afd815-5a76-4b88-beac-fb9bc0e92001/content> Accessed: May. 31, 2024.
FOKEN, T et al., 2004. Handbook of Micrometeorology: A Guide for surface flux measurement and analysis: Chapter 9: POST-FIELD DATA QUALITY CONTROL, Handbook of Micrometeorology.
GOMEZ-CASANOVAS, N. et al. Grazing alters net ecosystem C fluxes and the global warming potential of a subtropical pasture. Ecological Applications, v. 28, n. 2, p. 557–572, mar. 2018.
HOEPPNER, S. S.; DUKES, J. S. Interactive responses of old-field plant growth and composition to warming and precipitation. Global Change Biology, v. 18, n. 5, p. 1754–1768, maio 2012.
HOLECHECK, J. L.; GALT, D. Grazing Intensity Guidelines. Rangelands, v. 22, n. 3, 2000.
IBGE (INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTATÍSTICA). Banco de dados. Available from: <http://www.ibge.gov.br/estadosat/temas.php?sigla=rs&tema=pecuaria2012>. Accessed: Out. 07, 2022.
IPCC. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
JAURENA, M. et al. Native Grasslands at the Core: A New Paradigm of Intensification for the Campos of Southern South America to Increase Economic and Environmental Sustainability. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, v. 5, 5 mar. 2021.
KOTTEK, M. et al. World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, v. 15, n. 3, p. 259–263, 10 jul. 2006.
KUINCHTNER, B. C. et al. Performance and feed intake of beef heifers on rotational grazing of natural grassland receiving protein and energy supplement in cool season. Ciência Rural, v. 48, n. 4, 26 abr. 2018.
LEZAMA, F. et al. Variation of grazing-induced vegetation changes across a large-scale productivity gradient. Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 25, n. 1, p. 8–21, jan. 2014.
MABONI, C. Fluxo de metano no bioma Pampa: análises em área de arroz e de pecuária. 2021. 89 p. Tese (Doutorado em Física) — Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2021.
MERGEN, A. Variabilidade interanual dos fluxos de CO2 em uma pastagem natural no bioma Pampa brasileiro. 2022. 69 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Física) — Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2022.
Mergen, A.; Veeck, G. P.; Pillar, V. de P.; Baggio, R.; Quadros, F. L. F. de ; Marin, L.; Souza, V. de A.; Stefanello, M. B.; Pinheiro, M. E. O. ; Aimi, D. M.; Roberti, D. R. Trocas de CO2 em pastagens naturais do bioma Pampa com criação de gado de corte sob manejo rotacionado. Ciência e Natura, v. 45, p. e81293, 2023.
MONCRIEFF, J. et al. Averaging, detrending, and filtering of eddy covariance time series, in Handbook of micrometeorology. Handbook of Micrometeorology: A Guide for surface flux measurement and analysis, 2004.
MONCRIEFF, J. B. et al. A system to measure surface fluxes of momentum, sensible heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide. Journal of Hydrology, 1997.
PAPALE, D. et al. Towards a standardized processing of Net Ecosystem Exchange measured with eddy covariance technique: Algorithms
and uncertainty estimation. Biogeosciences, 2006.
PRESCHER, A.-K.; GRÜNWALD, T.; BERNHOFER, C. Land use regulates carbon budgets in eastern Germany: From NEE to NBP. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, v. 150, n. 7–8, p. 1016–1025, 2010.
REICHSTEIN, M. et al. On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm. Global Change Biology, v. 11, n. 9, p. 1424–1439, set. 2005.
ROYO PALLARES, O.; BERRETTA, E. J.; MARASCHIN, G. E. The South American campos ecosystem. In Suttie, J, Reynolds, SG, Batello, C. Grasslands of the world.Roma: FAO, p. 171-219, 2005.
RUTLEDGE, S. et al. The carbon balance of temperate grasslands part I: The impact of increased species diversity. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, v. 239, p. 310–323, fev. 2017.
SOUSSANA, J. F.; TALLEC, T.; BLANFORT, V. Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands. Animal, v. 4, n. 3, p. 334–350, 2010.
VEECK, G. P. et al. CO2 flux in a wheat-soybean succession in subtropical Brazil: A carbon sink. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2022.
VEENENDAAL, E. M. et al. CO2 exchange and carbon balance in two grassland sites on eutrophic drained peat soils. Biogeosciences, v. 4, n. 6, p. 1027–1040, 21 nov. 2007.
VICKERS, D.; MAHRT, L. Quality control and flux sampling problems for tower and aircraft data. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 1997.
WEBB, E. K.; PEARMAN, G. I.; LEUNING, R. Correction of flux measurements for density effects due to heat and water vapour transfer. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 1980.
WILCZAK, J. M.; ONCLEY, S. P.; STAGE, S. A. Sonic anemometer tilt correction algorithms. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 2001.
WUTZLER, T. et al. Basic and extensible post-processing of eddy covariance flux data with REddyProc. Biogeosciences, 2018.
ZIMMER, T. et al. Influence of clearness index and soil moisture in the soil thermal dynamic in natural pasture in the Brazilian Pampa biome. Geoderma, v. 378, p. 114582, nov. 2020.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ciência e Natura
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
To access the DECLARATION AND TRANSFER OF COPYRIGHT AUTHOR’S DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT LICENSE click here.
Ethical Guidelines for Journal Publication
The Ciência e Natura journal is committed to ensuring ethics in publication and quality of articles.
Conformance to standards of ethical behavior is therefore expected of all parties involved: Authors, Editors, Reviewers, and the Publisher.
In particular,
Authors: Authors should present an objective discussion of the significance of research work as well as sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the experiments. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable. Review Articles should also be objective, comprehensive, and accurate accounts of the state of the art. The Authors should ensure that their work is entirely original works, and if the work and/or words of others have been used, this has been appropriately acknowledged. Plagiarism in all its forms constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Authors should not submit articles describing essentially the same research to more than one journal. The corresponding Author should ensure that there is a full consensus of all Co-authors in approving the final version of the paper and its submission for publication.
Editors: Editors should evaluate manuscripts exclusively on the basis of their academic merit. An Editor must not use unpublished information in the editor's own research without the express written consent of the Author. Editors should take reasonable responsive measures when ethical complaints have been presented concerning a submitted manuscript or published paper.
Reviewers: Any manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should be conducted objectively, and observations should be formulated clearly with supporting arguments, so that Authors can use them for improving the paper. Any selected Reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the Editor and excuse himself from the review process. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.
