Seasonal climatology of cold fronts in south-central South America from an automated detection system

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X85472

Keywords:

Detection Algorithm, Climatology, Frontal Systems, Frontogenesis

Abstract

The cold fronts (CF) operating in south and south-central South America are the main ones responsible for heavy rain, thunderstorms with strong winds, and accentuated temperature drops. This study aimed to perform a seasonal climatology of CF’s displacement and intensity in the region above mentioned. A computational algorithm was developed called the Normalized Cold Front Detection Index (NCFI) for detecting and characterizing CFs through the CFSR and CFSv2 reanalysis data, using the meridional component of the wind at 10 meters and the air temperature at 2 meters. Ten areas were delimited: five coastal and five continentals. Seasonal climatology showed a higher frequency in winter, when these systems are more intense, averaging 20 per year. The patterns of displacement and intensity exhibited a decrease in CFs as they advanced toward lower latitudes. The synoptic analysis and the accumulated precipitation composites revealed that the CFs that act in the spring concentrated the accumulated precipitation in Santa Catarina’s western portion. In the summer, convection cells are responsible for storms and poorly distributed rain. In the autumn, rainfall is associated with CFs and maritime circulations, impacting Rio Grande do Sul and the west and north of Santa Catarina. In the winter, CFs dominate the precipitation pattern. According to the NCFI, spring, autumn, and winter cases are categorized as intense, while summer cases are moderate.

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Author Biographies

Roseli de Oliveira, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Santa Catarina

 

Área de pesquisa: Meteorologia Aplicada, Climatologia, Meteorologia Ambiental, Meteorologia Sinótica.

Função: Mestre em Clima e Ambiente.

 P.S.: O Mestrado Profissional em Clima e Ambiente oferece a multidisciplinaridade, sendo integrador e multicampi. Tem como finalidade o fortalecimento da articulação entre empresas públicas e privadas, o Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina (IFSC) e a rede de informações ambientais globais, com vistas a estimular a interação de saberes sobre o desenvolvimento tecnológico.

Mário Francisco Leal de Quadro, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Santa Catarina

 Atualmente é professor do Curso Técnico, membro permanente do corpo docente e vice-coordenador do PCAM. Tem experiência na área de Geociências, com ênfase em Meteorologia Sinótica, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: Análise do Sistema Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul e Assimilação de Dados para Modelos de Mesoescala. Tem larga experiencia na área de desenvolvimento de aplicativos meteorológicos adquiridos em diversos centros de Meteorologia do Brasil, tais como CPTEC/INPE, onde trabalhou como servidor concursado na função de Assistente de Pesquisa na operacionalização de Modelos Climáticos. Também foi servidor concursado na função de Pesquisador junto ao Sistema Meteorológico do Paraná (SIMEPAR). Também atuou junto a EPAGRI/CIRAM na função de desenvolvimento de produtos meteorológicos. Foi presidente e membro fundador da Associação Catarinense de Meteorologia (ACMET). Atualmente é vice-presidente da atual diretoria da ACMET.

Dirceu Luis Herdies, National Institute for Space Research

 Pesquisador Titular do CPTEC/INPE, docente permanente do curso de Mestrado/Doutorado acadêmico em Meteorologia do INPE e do Mestrado profissional em Clima e Ambiente do IFSC e Pesquisador nível 1 do CNPq. 

Hugo Nunes Andrade, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande

 Instituto de Oceanografia, Programa de Pós Graduação em Oceanologia.
Área de pesquisa: Ciclones explosivos

Função: Doutorando

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Published

2024-04-10

How to Cite

Oliveira, R. de, Quadro, M. F. L. de, Herdies, D. L., & Andrade, H. N. (2024). Seasonal climatology of cold fronts in south-central South America from an automated detection system. Ciência E Natura, 46, e85472. https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X85472

Issue

Vol. 46 (2024): Publicação contínua

Section

Environment

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