TREND OF THE INSTABILITY INDICES IN SOUTH AMERICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X19839Keywords:
Climatologia, Índice K, Índice TTAbstract
The instability indices evaluate the vertical structure of the atmosphere related to temperature and air humidity aiming to identify instability or stability. Where exists instability, these provide an indication of the intensity of precipitation systems. The K index indicates the potential for storms based on the lapse rate and humidity in the lower troposphere and in the extension of the wet layer. The Total Totals (TT) index combines temperature and moisture at low levels with the temperature on middle levels. Due to the importance of these indices in weather forecast and the absence of studies of the tendency of these parameters in South America, this research aimed to determine the K and TT indices for the synoptic hours make a climatology and calculate the seasonal trend of these indices. Results showed that on the continent higher values of the indices K and TT are obtained in the summer, mainly due to seasonal variation of temperature, in addition to rainfall associated with the monsoon particularly in southeastern Brazil. There is an increasing trend in the values of both indices in the northern Amazon and decreasing trend in the northwest of Argentina and southwest Bolivia.
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