MANAGEMENT OF HARVESTING RESIDUES OF Acacia mearnsii DE WILD AND SITE SUSTAINABILITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/198050981945Keywords:
Above ground biomass, nutrient export, soil chemical characteristics, soil classes.Abstract
Black wattles can grow on several environmental conditions being a fast growing and short life pioneer specie. This work was established on Acacia mearnsii De Wild commercial plantations, belonging to TANAGRO Co., in Piratini, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, growing on different soil types, with plants from the same origin. In each of the five-soil type, a treatment to evaluate black wattle growth in DBH and height, and above ground biomass was considered. Soils had their surface horizons characterized morphological, chemical and physically, and nutritional status were measured in every plant compartment, tannin yield in plant bark, amount of lignin and total extractives were determined in commercial stem wood. Neossolo Litólico eutrófico (Entisol) showed the greatest commercial stem volumes and Neossolo Litólico álico (Entisol) was the least productive, especially due to soil fertility differences, mainly P level, base saturation and aluminum saturation. The amount of macronutrients returned, keeping harvesting residues (branches and crown) on soil surface, was greater than the amount exported in commercial stem and bark, attesting its efficiency on soil reclaiming, if the residues are not burned. In most productive soils in volume of commercial stems, the amount of calcium and magnesium exported was greater than the amount returned to soil. The amount of tannin in black wattle bark was greater in plants growing in adverse soil conditions (shallow and stony soils).
Downloads
References
ABTCP. ABTCP M 3/69, ABTCP M 10/71: normas de ensaio. São Paulo, 1968. Não paginado.
BARRICHELO, L.E.G. Densidade básica e características da fibra de madeira de Eucalyptus grandis. In: CONGRESSO LATINO-AMERICANO DE CELULOSE E PAPEL, 3., 1983, São Paulo. Anais... São Paulo: ABCP, 1983.
BARRICHELLO, L.R. Quantificação da biomassa e dos nutrientes em floresta de Acacia mearnsii De Wild. na região Sul do Brasil. Santa Maria, 2003. 105f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal) – Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2003.
BOLAND, D.J.; BROOKER, M.I.H.; CHIPPENDALE, G.M.; HALL, N.; HYLAND, B.P.M.; JOHNSTON, R.D.; KLEINING, D.A.; TURNER, J.D. Forest trees of Australia. Melbourne: Nelson-CSIRO, 1984. 243p.
COLEY, P.D.; BRYANT, J.P.; CHAPIN III, F.S. Resource availability and plant antiherbivore defense. Science, v. 230, n. 52, p. 209-33, 1985.
EMBRAPA. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Solos. Manual de métodos de análise de solo. Rio de Janeiro: Embrapa Solos, 1997. v. 1, 210p.
EMBRAPA. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Solos. Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos. Brasília: Embrapa Produção de Informação; Rio de Janeiro: Embrapa Solos, 1999. 412p.
FARIA, J.M.R. Comportamento de espécies florestais em diferentes sítios e adubações de plantio. Lavras, 1996. 108f. Tese (Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal) – Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 1996.
FLEIG, F.D. Análise econômica de produção de acácia-negra (Acácia mearnsii De Wild.) no Rio Grande do Sul. Santa Maria, 1993. 104f. Tese (Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 1993.
KEIL, S.S.; TESSEROLI NETO, E.A.; DEDECEK, R.A.; CURCIO, G.R. Níveis de fósforo e potássio no teor e qualidade de tanino em acácia-negra (Acácia mearnsii). In: FERTBIO, 25, 2002. Anais... Rio de Janeiro: SBCS, 2002. 1 CD-ROM.
MORA, A. D. Aumento da produção de sementes geneticamente melhoradas de Acacia mearnsii De Wild. (acácia-negra) no Rio Grande do Sul. Curitiba, 2002. 138f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Florestal) – Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 2002.
NAMBIAR, E. K. S.; BROWN-AG. Towards sustained productivity of tropical plantations: science and practice. In: NAMBIAR-EKS (ed). Management of soil nutrients and water in tropical plantation forests. Canberra : Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), 1997. p.527-553. (ACIAR Monograph ; 43).
PAROTTA, J. The role of plantation forests in rehabilitating degraded tropical ecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 41, p. 115-133, 1992.
PEREIRA, J.C.; CALDEIRA, M.W.M.; SCHUMACHER, M.V.; HOPE, J.M.; SANTOS, E.M. Exportação de nutrientes em um povoamento de Acacia mearnsii De Wild. idade de corte. In: CICLO DE ATUALIZAÇÃO FLORESTAL DO CONE SUL, Santa Maria, 1999. Anais... Santa Maria: UFSM, 1999. p. 158-164.
RANSEY, J.C.; BERLIN, J.D. Ultra structure of early stages of cotton fiber differentiation. Botanical Gazette, v. 137, n. 1, p. 11-19, 1976.
SARRUGE, J.R.; HAAG, H.P. Análises químicas em plantas. Piracicaba: ESALQ/USP, 1974. 56p.
SHERRY, S.P. The black wattle (Acacia mearnsii). Pietermaritzburg: University of Natal, 1971. 402p.
SIMON, A.A. Produção de mudas de acácia-negra : plantio 1998. Montenegro: TANAGRO, 1999. 3p. (Relatório Técnico).
SILVA, M.C.; FRIZZO, S.M. Determinação de tanino na casca da Acácia mearnsii De Wild. em diferentes alturas do tronco. Ciência e Natura, n. 7, p. 57-61, 1985.
SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS AND CHEMIST. Official Methods of Analysis. New York: SLTC, 1996. 607p.
TIARKS, A.; NAMBIAR, E.K.S.; COSSALTER, C. General background and research strategy. In: CIFOR. Site management and productivity in tropical plantations, 2., 1998. Workshop... Pietermaritzburg : CIFOR, 1998. c.3, 11p.
TONIETTO, L.; STEIN, P. P. Silvicultura da acácia negra (Acacia mearnsii De Wild) no Brasil. Florestar Estatístico, v. 4, n. 12, p. 11-16, nov.1996/ out.1997.
TSOUMIS, G.; PANAGIOTIDIS, N. Effect of growth condition on quality characteristics of Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arn.). Wood Science and Technology, Berlin, v. 14, p. 301-310, 1980.
ZEIKUS, J.G. Lignin metabolism and the carbon cycle: polymer biosynthesis, biodegradation, and environmental recalcitrance. Advances in Microbial Ecology, v. 5, p. 211-243, 1981.
