Microbiological profile of meningitis in a public school hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/223658346492Keywords:
Meningitis, Etiological profile, Antimicrobial therapy.Abstract
The infectious meningitis is an important problem of public health and it is responsible for increased rates of morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of the main pathogens responsible for meningitis isolated in hospitalized patients in the University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM - Santa Maria - RS). To accomplish that, the results of 437 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CFS) of patients interned with suspicion of meningitis in the HUSM from 10/01/2003 to 01/31/2005 were analyzed. This retrospective study was performed utilizing the files containing the results of the samples examined through the routine techniques in the Laboratory of Bacteriology of the HUSM. The etiologic agent was identified in 64 (14.64%) of the 437 samples. Staphylococcus epidermidis (n= 13; 19.7%), Cryptococcus neoformans (n= 10; 15.50%) and Staphylococcus aureus (n= 6; 9.09%) were the most prevalent agents. All the cases whose etiology was Cryptococcus neoformans comprised HIV positive patients. It is recommended to keep the etiological profile of meningitis continuously monitored: each institution must be based on its own data to guide the empirical antimicrobial therapy and the identification of infection versus contamination.Downloads
References
Escosteguy CC; Medronho RA; Madruga R et al. Vigilância epidemiológica e avaliação da assistência às meningites. Rev. de Saúde Pública, 2004; 38,657.
Kmetzsch CI; Schermann MT; Santana JCB et al. Meningites por Haemophilus influenze b após a implantação da vacina específica. J. Pediatr. 2003; 79, 530.
Mantese OC; Hirano J; Santos IC et al. Perfil etiológico das meningites bacterianas em crianças. J. Pediatr. 2002; 78, 467.
Romanelli RMC, Araújo, CA, Dias, MW et al. Etiologia e evolução das meningites bacterianas em centro de pediatria. J.Pediatr. 2002; 78, 24.
Succi RCM. Perfil etiológico das meningites bacterianas na infância - uma realidade transitória. J.Pediatr. 2003; 78, 445.
Boustkela MAL; Grisi, S.; Escobar, A.M.U. Aspectos epidemiológicos da infecção por Haemophilus influenzae tipo b. Ver. Pan. Sal. Pub. 2000; 7, 332.
Kay R; Wu A. Infections of the nervous system: na update on recent developments. Hong Kong Medical Journal, 2001; 7, 67.
Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária ANVISA . Principais Síndromes Infecciosas - Módulo I - In: Manual de Microbiologia Clínica para o Controle de Infecção em serviços de Saúde. Brasília (DF); 2004, p. 32-37. Disponível em http://www.ccih,med.br/mod_1_2004.pdf , acessada em 20 abril 2005.
Oplustil CP; Zoccoli CM; Tobouti NR; Sinto SI. Cultura do líquido cefalorraquidiano In: Procedimentos básicos em Microbiologia Clínica, Editora Sarvier. São Paulo, 2004, . p. 122-25.
Simões LLP; Andrade ALSS; Laval CA et al. Impacto da vacinação contra Haemophilus influenzae b na redução de meningites, Goiás. Rev. Saúde Pública. 2004, 38, 664.
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. fourteenth Informational Supplement - NCCLS document M100-S14. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards Institut, 940 West Valley Road, Suite 1400, Wayne, Pensylvania19087-1898 USA, 2004.
Investigação de meningite - SINAN - Dados do Sistema de
Informação de Agravos de Notificação referentes aos anos de 2002
a 2004, gentilmente cedidos pela 4a Coordenadoria Regional de
Saúde de Santa Maria RS.
Ribeiro GS; Reis JN; Cordeiro SM; Lima JB; Gouveia EL; Petersen
M et al. Prevention of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) meningitis
and emergence of sorotype replacement with type a strains after
introduction of immunization in Brazil. J. Infect. Dis. 2003,187,109.
Lopes M; Santos SIS. Contribuição de amostras de sangue no
diagnóstico laboratorial da doença meningocócica. Ver. do Inst. Adolfo
Lutz. 2002; 61,45.
Silbert S; Rosa DD; Matte U et al. Staphylococcus sp. Coagulase-negativa em hemoculturas de pacientes com menos de sessenta dias de idade: infecção versus contaminação. J. Pediatr. 1997, 73, 161.
Eggimann P; Pittet D. Catheter-related infections in Intensive Care Units: na Overwiew with Special Emphasis on Prevention. Adv. Sepsis, 2000, 1, 2.
El-Azizi M; Rao S; Termkiat K et al. In vitro activity of
vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, and linezolid againts intact
and disrupted biofilms os staphylococci. Ann. Clin. Microbiol.
Antimicrobiol. 2005, 4, 2.
