O impacto das intervenções de atividade física na promoção da saúde na escola: um plano para a prevenção de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT)
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5902/1984644486904Mots-clés :
Santé préventive, Exercice physique, Éducation scolaireRésumé
A prática regular de atividade física é essencial para a prevenção e redução de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT), conforme apontam diversas políticas de saúde nacionais e internacionais, incluindo a Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde e o Plano Global de Prevenção e Controle de DCNT da OMS. Além dos benefícios endócrinos, metabólicos e para a saúde mental, a atividade física gera impactos positivos no aprendizado de adolescentes. Este estudo, baseado em uma revisão integrativa, analisou estratégias de promoção da saúde em escolas, com foco em programas de intervenção em atividade física, com o objetivo de elaborar um plano de promoção da saúde escolar. A revisão incluiu 37 estudos publicados entre 2016 e 2021. A maioria das intervenções ocorreu no ensino fundamental (70%), seguida pelo ensino médio (20%) e pré-escolas (10%). Em aproximadamente 60% dos estudos, a atividade física foi a abordagem principal, enquanto nos outros 40% houve a combinação de educação em saúde, nutrição e questões ambientais. As intervenções resultaram em melhorias nos níveis de atividade física, aptidão, composição corporal, além de habilidades motoras e cognitivas dos alunos. Os achados sugerem que programas de atividade física nas escolas podem ser eficazes na promoção da saúde, e o plano proposto neste estudo oferece uma ferramenta adaptável e inovadora para as instituições de ensino.
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