The teachers’ education History in Brazil: Three crucial moments

Abstract

The work reconstructs the historical path of the educational formation in Brazil, highlighting its main moments. 1. Reform of the normal school of the State of São Paulo, in 1890, whose model irradiated to the whole country. 2. From the educational reforms in the Federal District, in 1932, and in the State of São Paulo, in 1933, the model of the Normal School is defined. Having been adopted by several Brazilian States, it is incorporated in the Organic Act of the Normal Education, issued in 1946. Still at that moment the model of the formation of the educators is defined, to be used in the secondary education upon the institution, in 1939, of the bachelor and degree courses, among which the one in Pedagogy. 3. Educational reform instituted in 1971, when the model of the normal school was abandoned, after the creation of the teaching qualification. Finally, in its conclusion, it address the 1996 reform, when we could have had a new decisive moment represented by the elevation of the formation of teachers of all levels and branches to the higher level. However, the ambiguity and the formal flaws of the new Law of the Guidelines and Bases of the National Education prevented that from happening. The elaboration of the work is based on primary sources – constituted by the characteristic legal documents of the moments indicated – and on secondary sources – represented by the academic works which have already been produced on the history of the educational formation in Brazil.