Genotoxic and antiproliferative effect of Alpinia zerumbet (Zingiberaceae) essential oil in Allium cepa biotest

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X73445

Keywords:

Alpinia zerumbet, Allium cepa, Test system

Abstract

The species Alpinia zerumbet popularly known as colony is quite abundant in northeastern Brazil and is widely used for medicinal purposes, due to its hypotensive and cardiovascular effect, without, however, due scientific evidence. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic and antiproliferative effect of A. zerumbet essential oil, in test systems with Allium cepa. The chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antiproliferative and genotoxic effect was tested in seven treatments with three replications, and five concentrations of essential oil (0.01 to 1.0%) using onion bulbs. Two roots were analyzed from each bulb, with a count of 500 cells per slide/root, totaling 3,000 cells per treatment. The results showed that the main chemical constituents of the essential oil were 1.8 cineole (60.50%) and terpinen-4-ol (23.80%). In the assays with A. cepa, both the mitotic index (MI) and the cellular alteration percentages differed significantly in relation to the control, through the appearance of chromosomal and nuclear aberrations at the concentrations tested, revealing possible harmful effects to human health.

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Author Biographies

Márcia Aldeany Almeida de Sousa, Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão

Graduated in Biological Sciences from the State University of Maranhão - UEMA (2017). Master in Agriculture and Environment from the State University of Maranhão - UEMA (2019). She is currently a substitute professor and member of the research group at the Environmental Chemistry Laboratory at the State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão - UEMAUSUL. Works as an Ad Hoc reviewer for a scientific journal.

Fernando Souza Lima Silva, Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão

Graduated in Chemistry from the State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão - UEMASUL - 2024. He is currently a Master's student in Applied Chemistry at the State University of Santa Catarina - UDESC. Has experience in the area of ​​Environmental Biotechnology, with an emphasis on biocatalysts and spectrophotometric analysis

José Fábio França Orlanda, Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão

He has a degree in Industrial Chemistry from the Federal University of Maranhão (2000), a Master's degree in Agrochemistry from the Federal University of Viçosa (2002) and a PhD in Chemistry from the Federal University of Paraíba (2011). He is currently Associate Professor I at the State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL) and Coordinator of the Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory (LABITEC).

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2024-08-23

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Sousa, M. A. A. de, Silva, F. S. L., & Orlanda, J. F. F. (2024). Genotoxic and antiproliferative effect of Alpinia zerumbet (Zingiberaceae) essential oil in Allium cepa biotest. Ciência E Natura, 46, e73445. https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X73445

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Vol. 46 (2024): Publicação contínua

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