Dams safety: an analysis of safety management and the difficulties of its supervision
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X72372Keywords:
Dams safety, Dams inspection, Dams accidentsAbstract
Despite the notable benefits that dams bring to society, they involve immediate and potential risks and impacts, which makes dam safety extremely important. This narrative review paper compares dam safety concepts, including that established in the Brazilian National Dam Safety Policy – PNSB, as well as analyzes the supervision difficulties reported by Brazilian federal and state agencies. Several national and international institutions define dam safety, but considering those presented in this paper, convergency was found out regarding the concept of maintaining structural integrity and operational safety in order to preserve life, health, property and environment. Dams in Brazil are inspected by several public bodies, depending on their priority use and the domain of the body of water in which they are located, each with prerogatives to regulate the matter. In view of the significant increase in the amount of accidents and incidents in 2019 and 2020, it is clear that there is a vulnerability to be corrected in the safety management of Brazilian dams due to their dependence on the treatment of deficient or non-existent technical information and on a lack of specialized staff in dam safety for inspection activities.
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AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE ÁGUAS – ANA. (2021). Relatório de Segurança de Barragens – RSB 2020. Brasília: ANA.
Bai, Y., Jin, W-L. (2016). Chapter 38 - Risk Assessment Methodology. In: Y. Bai.; JIN. W- L. (Eds.). Marine Structural Design. 2. Ed.) Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann, p. 709-723, 2016.
Butterworth-Heinemann, BIEDERMANN, R. (1997). Safety concept for dams: Development of the Swiss concept since 1980. Wasser, 89, 55–63.
Lei nº 12.334, DE 20 DE SETEMBRO DE 2010. Estabelece a Política Nacional de Segurança de Barragens destinadas à acumulação de água para quaisquer usos, à disposição final ou temporária de rejeitos e à acumulação de resíduos industriais, cria o Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Segurança de Barragens e altera a redação do art. 35 da Lei no 9.433, de 8 de janeiro de 1997, e do art. 4o da Lei no 9.984, de 17 de julho de 2000., Brasília, DF: 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2010/Lei/L12334.htm.
LEI Nº 14.066, DE 30 DE SETEMBRO DE 2020. Altera a Lei nº 12.334, de 20 de setembro de 2010, que estabelece a Política Nacional de Segurança de Barragens (PNSB), a Lei nº 7.797, de 10 de julho de 1989, que cria o Fundo Nacional do Meio Ambiente (FNMA), a Lei nº 9.433, de 8 de janeiro de 1997, que institui a Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos, e o Decreto-Lei nº 227, de 28 de fevereiro de 1967 (Código de Mineração). Brasília, DF: 2020. Retrieved from: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2020/lei/L14066.htm.
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