Quadrupole interaction and its correlaction with the Mössbauer effect
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X24923Abstract
By means multipole expansion, we guess the concept of "multipole moment". They are given examples of multipole moments. We start of them to define the "quadruploe moment tensor". By starting from the classical chargedents distribution of loads ρ (r-> ') and from the potencial expanded in a Taylor series, in which one one of the terms allows us to see the quadrupole moment, we construct a classical Hamiltonian in terms of quadrupole. The quantum-mechanical expression ĤQ por HQ is given, by substitution of the classical charge density ρ (r->) by an operator ρ (op), which describes adequately the real configuration in a non-continuous charge distribution. By use of the Clebsh-Gordan tecnology-coefficients with the irredutible tensors, the matrix-elements of ĤQ was calculated. The relation develloped, which allows the calcule of the matrix-elements of ĤQ, this is used for an application to a specific case, of a strong mafnetic field exerted on an atom. It is obtained a particular relation, for calculating the energy levels of quadrupolar interaction. The sequente purpose was to work out an application for an atom or ion in the fundamental staton 2S1/2, and nuclear spin 3/2 in a strong magnetic field.
The results was a splitting in energy levels for the quadrupolar interaction. The quadrupolar interaction was examined in correlation of the Mössbauer-Effect in different examples.
Downloads
References
MESSIAH, A. Quantum Mechanice, Tomo 1 e 2. Dunod Editeurs, Paris. 1945.
JACKSON, J.D. Classical Eletrodynamics. Second Edition. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1975.
BAYM, G. Lectures on Quantum Mechanics. W.A. Benjamin, Inc., New York. 1969.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
To access the DECLARATION AND TRANSFER OF COPYRIGHT AUTHOR’S DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT LICENSE click here.
Ethical Guidelines for Journal Publication
The Ciência e Natura journal is committed to ensuring ethics in publication and quality of articles.
Conformance to standards of ethical behavior is therefore expected of all parties involved: Authors, Editors, Reviewers, and the Publisher.
In particular,
Authors: Authors should present an objective discussion of the significance of research work as well as sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the experiments. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable. Review Articles should also be objective, comprehensive, and accurate accounts of the state of the art. The Authors should ensure that their work is entirely original works, and if the work and/or words of others have been used, this has been appropriately acknowledged. Plagiarism in all its forms constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Authors should not submit articles describing essentially the same research to more than one journal. The corresponding Author should ensure that there is a full consensus of all Co-authors in approving the final version of the paper and its submission for publication.
Editors: Editors should evaluate manuscripts exclusively on the basis of their academic merit. An Editor must not use unpublished information in the editor's own research without the express written consent of the Author. Editors should take reasonable responsive measures when ethical complaints have been presented concerning a submitted manuscript or published paper.
Reviewers: Any manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should be conducted objectively, and observations should be formulated clearly with supporting arguments, so that Authors can use them for improving the paper. Any selected Reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the Editor and excuse himself from the review process. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.
