Sustentabilidade na Suinocultura de Terminação: Indicadores Ambientais de Desempenho em um Município Gaúcho
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X13212Keywords:
Indicadores ambientais, integração, desenvolvimento.Abstract
O incremento na participação da suinocultura brasileira no mercado mundial, nos últimos anos, associado às exigências impostas por estes novos mercados consumidores despertam para a necessidade de diagnósticos e análises direcionadas quanto à sustentabilidade do setor. Tendo por foco a dimensão ambiental da tríade de sustentabilidade proposta pelo Tripple Bottom Line (TBL), por meio do Método de Avaliação de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade (M.A.I.S.) organizacional adaptado à suinocultura de terminação, a pesquisa objetivou construir indicadores de desempenho ambiental voltados à sustentabilidade e a validação desta ferramenta no município de Aratiba-RS, detentor do maior rebanho suíno do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no ano de 2011. Caracterizaram-se 10 indicadores de sustentabilidade ambiental bem como os índices para os níveis de equilíbrio, em busca de equilíbrio e em desequilíbrio. Determinou-se que os indicadores manejo de dejetos, licenciamento, descarte de resíduos sólidos e análise de solo, apresentaram-se como os mais críticos, uma vez que situaram-se próximos à faixa de desequilíbrio. Já os indicadores vetores e roedores, limpeza das instalações e bem estar animal apresentaram-se próximos à faixa de equilíbrio. Apesar das limitações verificadas nesta metodologia, quando confrontada à realidade das propriedades suinícolas avaliadas, esta ferramenta possibilitou a identificação dos pontos críticos avaliados na dimensão ambiental permitindo nortear ações privadas ou políticas públicas que visem o desenvolvimento sustentável do setor no município.
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