ESPACIALIZAÇÃO TEMPORAL DOS FOCOS DE QUEIMADAS E DE POLUENTES ATMOSFÉRICOS (CO, CH<sub>4</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O) EM ALAGOAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X12580Abstract
A queimada é um processo de queima da biomassa, levando a produção de água, poluentes atmosféricos e de gases de efeito estufa. Com isso, localizar e espacializar esses focos é de extrema importância para o seu entendimento e suas consequências no meio ambiente e na saúde humana. Para isso, necessitou a utilização de satélites NOAA 12, 14, 15, 16, 17 e 18, GOES 08 e 12, AQUA-01, TERRA-01 e MMODIS-01, disponibilizados pelo CPTEC-INPE, durante os anos de 2004 a 2009. Paralelamente, realizaram-se estimativas de emissão anual de CO, NO2, CH4 e N2O, a partir da produção anual da cana-de-açúcar. Para a elaboração dos mapas, foi empregado o software SURFER 8.0. Utilizaram-se o Mapa de Ponto para distribuição dos focos pontuais, e o Mapa de Contorno para espacialização dos pontos interpolados, pelo método geoestatístico Krigging. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as maiores incidências de focos de queimadas ocorreram na região canavieira, entre o litoral e o agreste alagoano, de setembro a fevereiro, período da colheita da cana-de-açúcar. Em relação à emissão de poluentes atmosféricos, o município de Coruripe e São Miguel dos Campos foram os maiores emissores de poluentes (CO, NO2) e de gases de efeito estufa em Alagoas (CH4, N2O). Portanto, nas regiões produtoras de cana-de-açúcar, têm-se as maiores incidências de focos de queimadas e, consequentemente, maiores emissões de poluentes atmosféricos e de gases de efeito estufa.
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