Valências na resposta emocional dos eleitores: design experimental com neurociência
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465943111Palabras clave:
Expressão facial. Emoção, Propaganda política, elementos não textuais. Neurociências. Campanha políticaResumen
Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar quantitativa e qualitativamente a valência da resposta emocional dos eleitores às alterações dos cenários nos vídeos de propaganda política. O experimento foi conduzido em laboratório com um candidato e conteúdo fictícios. Utilizamos quatro cenários diferentes: um cenário com fundo completamente branco, um simulando uma biblioteca, um com casa popular e outro com casas de luxo. Utilizamos o Sistema de Codificação de Ação Facial (FACS) como um instrumento para medir emoções. Encontramos diferenças estatísticas entre a intensidade das valências ao longo do vídeo (n = 108). O trabalho permitiu a demonstração empírica de que os cenários podem potencializar os efeitos emocionais desse tipo de publicidade.
Descargas
Citas
BECHARA, A.; DAMASIO, H.; DAMASIO, A. R. Emotion , Decision Making and the Orbitofrontal Cortex. Cerebral Cortex, v. 100, n. 3, p. 295–307, 2000.
BELZUNG, C. Biologia das Emoções. Lisboa: Instituto Piaget, 2007.
BRADER, T. Striking a Responsive Chord: How Political Ads Motivate and Persuade Voters by Appealing to Emotions. Political Science, v. 49, n. 2, p. 388–405, 2005.
DAIGNAULT, P.; SOROKA, S.; GIASSON, T. The Perception of Political Advertising During an Election Campaign: A Preliminary Study of Cognitive and Emotional Effects. Canadian Journal of Communication, v. 38, n. 2013, p. 167–186, 2011.
DAMÁSIO, A. Em Busca de Espinosa. 1st ed. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2004.
DAMÁSIO, A. R. Descartes’ Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain. Reprint (1 ed. London: Penguin Books, 2005.
DUMITRESCU, D.; GIDENGIL, E.; STOLLE, D. Candidate Confidence and Electoral Appeal: An Experimental Study of the Effect of Nonverbal Confidence on Voter Evaluations. Political Science Research and Methods, v. 3, n. 01, p. 43–52, 2015. Disponível em: <http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S2049847014000168%5Cnhttp://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=9452130&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S2049847014000168>. .
EKMAN, PAUL; FRIESEN, W. V. . H. Facial Action Coding System: The manual on CD. Salt Lake City: Research Nexus division of Network Information Research Corporation, 2002.
EKMAN, P. A linguagem das Emoções. São Paulo: Editora Leya, 2011.
EKMAN, P.; FRIESEN, W. V; ELLSWORTH, P. Conceptual Ambiguities. In: P. Ekman (Ed.); Emotion in the Human Face. 2nd ed., p.439, 1982. Los Altos: Malor Books.
EKMAN, P.; FRIESSEN, W. V. Mensuring facial moviment whith the facial Action Coding System. In: P. Ekman (Ed.); Emotion in the human face. 2nd ed., p.440, 2013. Los Altos: Malor Books.
EKMAN, P.; FRIESSEN, W. V.; ELLSWORTH, P. What are the similarities and diferences in facial behavior across cultures. In: P. Ekman (Ed.); Emotion in the human face. 2a ed., p.128–143, 2013. Los Altos: Malor Books.
EKMAN, P.; LEVENSON, R. W.; FRIESEN, W. V. Autonomic Nervous System Activity Distinguishes Among Emotions. Science, v. 221, n. 4616, p. 1208–1210, 1983. Disponível em: <https://1ammce38pkj41n8xkp1iocwe-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Autonomic-Nervous-System-Activity-Distinguishes-Among-Emotio.pdf>. .
EKMAN, P.; OSTER, H. Review of research, 1970-1980. In: P. Ekman (Ed.); Emotion in the human face. 2a○ ed., p.147–173, 2013. Los Altos: Malor Books.
EKMAN, P.; ROSENBERG, E. L. What the Face Reveals: Basic and Applied Studies of Spontaneous Expression Using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). Second Edi ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
HERRMANN, M.; SHIKANO, S. Attractiveness and facial competence bias: Face-based inferences of candidate ideology. Political Psychology, v. 00, n. 00, p. 1–36, 2015. Disponível em: <http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/pops.12256>. .
HOLLANDER, M.; WOLFE, D. A. Nonparametric Statistical Methods. 2nd ed. New York, N.Y.: John Wiley & Sons, 1999.
JOHNSTON, E.; OLSON, L. The Feeling Brain: The Biology and Psycology of Emotions. London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2015.
LITTLE, A. C.; BURRISS, R. P.; JONES, B. C.; ROBERTS, S. C. Facial appearance affects voting decisions. Evolution and Human Behavior, v. 28, n. 1, p. 18–27, 2007.
LOEWENSTEIN, G.; LERNER, J. S. The role of affect in Decision Making. In: H. H. G. Richard J. Davidson, Klaus R. Scherer (Ed.); Handbook of Affective Science. p.1230, 2003. New York: Oxford University Press.
MA, G.; LUO, J. Is a picture worth 1000 votes? Analyzing the sentiment of election related social photos. Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 2013.
MCDUFF, D.; KALIOUBY, R. EL; COHN, J. F.; PICARD, R. W. Predicting Ad Liking and Purchase Intent: Large-Scale Analysis of Facial Responses to Ads. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, v. 6, n. 3, p. 223–235, 2015.
NAQVI, N.; SHIV, B.; BECHARA, A. The Role of Emotion in Decision Making A Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective. Current Directions in Psychological Science, v. 15, n. 5, p. 260–264, 2006.
POUTVAARA, P.; JORDAHL, H.; BERGGREN, N. Faces of politicians: Babyfacedness predicts inferred competence but not electoral success. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, v. 45, n. 5, p. 1132–1135, 2009. Elsevier Inc. Disponível em: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2009.06.007>. .
ROBINSON, M. D.; CLORE, G. L. Belief and feeling: Evidence for an accessibility model of emotional self-report. Psychological Bulletin, v. 128, n. 6, p. 934–960, 2002.
SCHERER, K. R. What are emotions? And how can they be measured? Social Science Information, v. 44, n. 4, p. 695–729, 2005.
SHIN, H. Forms of Expression of Angry Voters and Sad Voters : The Effects of Discrete Emotions and Emotional Expression on the Voting Participation through Approach-Avoidance Action Tendencies. Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research -, v. 2, n. 4, p. 248–278, 2015. Disponível em: <http://dx.doi.org/10.15206/ajpor.2015.2.4.248 248>. .
STEIMER-KRAUSE, E.; KRAUSE, R.; WAGNER, G. Interaction Regulations Used By Schizophrenic and psychosomatic Patients. In: E. L. Rosenberg; P. Ekman (Eds.); What the Face Reveals: Basic and Applied Studies of Spontaneous Expression Using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). Second ed., 2005. New York: Oxford University Press.
STEIMER-KRAUSE, E.; KRAUSE, R.; WAGNER, G. Interaction Regulations Used by Schizophrenic and Psychosomatic Patients: Studies on Facial Behavior in Dyadic Interactions. What the Face Reveals: Basic and Applied Studies of Spontaneous Expression Using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), 2012.
STEWART, P. A.; SVETIEVA, E. Micro-expressions of fear and loathing on the 2016 presidential campaign trail: How brief expressions of fear influence trait perceptions of Donald Trump. SSRN, , n. February, p. 1–41, 2017. Disponível em: <https://ssrn.com/abstract=2914077>. .
VIGIL, J. Facial Expression Processing Varies with Political Affiliation. Science, p. 1–8, 2008.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor y licencias: esta revista sigue siendo el titular de los derechos de autor de los artículos publicados. Para ser publicado, los autores deben firmar la Carta de transferencia de derechos de autor, que se envía a los autores por correo electrónico, otorgando derechos, incluida la traducción, a ReA / UFSM. La revista otorga a terceros el derecho a usar, reproducir y compartir el artículo de acuerdo con el acuerdo de licencia Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0), como se indica en los documentos PDF de los artículos.