Uso inovador do óleo de coco ariri na produção sustentável e rápida de ésteres via transesterificação enzimática com etanol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X88915Palavras-chave:
Biocatálise, Burkholderia cepacia, ÉsteresResumo
O presente trabalho realizou pela primeira vez a caraterização e a etanolização do óleo de coco de ariri catalisada pela lipase Burkholderia cepacia. Através do Planejamento Fatorial Completo 3² e da Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta (MSR), foram avaliados os efeitos de diferentes razões molares de óleo/etanol (1:4, 1:6 e 1:9) e cargas catalíticas (2%, 5% e 10%), utilizando B. Cepacia na forma livre e imobilizada, em um tempo de reação de 4 h. A caraterização química do óleo de coco ariri mostrou a predominância de ácidos graxos saturados (78,52%), sendo o ácido láurico (C12:0) o majoritário com 31,65%. O óleo de ariri apresentou caraterísticas típicas de óleos vegetais adequados para a transesterificação enzimática. Os resultados experimentais mostraram que o melhor teor de ésteres etílicos (67,1%) foi obtido com a lipase imobilizada, com uma carga catalítica de 2% e na relação óleo/etanol de 1:4. Para as reações empregando a lipase livre, os melhores resultados (62,8%) foram obtidos com uma carga catalítica de 10% e na razão óleo/etanol de 1:6. As análises estatísticas indicaram que a carga catalítica era a variável mais significativa para as reações com a lipase livre. Em contrapartida, a relação óleo/etanol foi a variável mais significativa para as reações com a lipase imobilizada. Os resultados deste estudo estabelecem o óleo de coco ariri como um substrato inovador e promissor para aplicações em reações de transesterificação.
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