Do silicon and selenium mitigate aluminum toxicity in Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X85995Keywords:
Antioxidant enzymes, Beneficial elements, Medicinal plants, Toxic metalsAbstract
The use of medicinal plants is a common alternative for the population. However, many of these plants grow in tropical and subtropical soils around the world contaminated with toxic metals such as aluminum (Al). Excess Al accumulation in plant tissues can enter the food chain of animals and humans causing irreversible harm. A possible strategy is to use elements capable of mitigating the uptake or the effects of toxic metals. Thus, this study aimed to assess whether silicone (Si) and selenium (Se) mitigate Al toxicity on morphological and biochemical variables of Pfaffia glomerata. Plants were submitted to the following combinations of Al, Si and Se: 1) Control; 2) 1.85 mM Al; 3) 1.5 mM Si; 4) 1.85 mM Al + 1.5 mM Si; 5) 0.002 mM Se; 6) 1.85 mM Al + 0.002 mM Se. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. At the end of the period of exposure to the treatments, we analyzed the morphological variables (shoot and root dry weight, leaf area and root morphology) and biochemical variables (photosynthetic pigments, hydrogen peroxide content, lipid peroxidation and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in plants). Aluminum toxicity affected the growth of P. glomerata and only Si was able to reverse the toxic action of Al, especially in shorter exposure periods. However, Se did not show potential to significantly inhibit the toxic effects of Al.
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