Evaluation of the inappropriate disposal of refined soybean oil on the escape behavior of the earthworms (Eisenia fetida)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2236117029715Resumo
Soy is a product of agriculture that has a diversified use as food or raw material for derivatives such as oil and bran. There are studies evaluating the effect of residual vegetable oil on soil and other natural resources. However, environmental impact studies of refined soybean oil were not found in the literature. Thus, due to the large production volume of refined soybean oil, this work aims to investigate the response of earthworm escape, simulating the inadequate disposal of this residue in sandy and clayey soil. A completely randomized design with seven treatments consisting of doses of refined soybean oil added to the sandy and clayey soils was used: T1 - 1.0 mL; T2 - 10.0 mL; T3 - 15.0 mL; T4 - 20.0 mL; T5 - 25.0 mL; T6 - 30.0 mL and T7 - 100.0 mL in triplicate. The results show that for 15 mL and 20 mL doses, the refined soybean oil promoted a deleterious effect on the sandy and loamy soils, respectively, causing at least 60% of the earthworms to escape.
Downloads
Referências
ANDREA, M.M.D. O uso de minhocas como bioindicadores de contaminação de solos. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie), n. 2, p. 95-107, 2010.
AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE VIGILÂNCIA SANITÁRIA (Brasil). Resolução - RDC nº 482, de 23 de Setembro de 1999. Regulamento Técnico para Fixação de Identidade e Qualidade de óleos e gorduras vegetais. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, Brasília, DF, 11 mar.1999.
APROSOJA – Associação dos Produtores de Soja do Brasil. Uso da Soja. Disponível em: http://aprosojabrasil.com.br/2014/sobre-a-soja/uso-da-soja/. Acesso em: 07 de Set. 2017.
ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. NBR ISO 17512-1. Qualidade do solo – Ensaio de fuga para avaliar a qualidade de solos e efeitos de substâncias químicas no comportamento. Parte 1: Ensaio com minhocas (Eisenia fetida e Eisenia andrei). Rio de Janeiro: 2011.
BROWN, G.G., DOMÍNGUEZ, J. Uso das mi¬nhocas como bioindicadoras ambientais: princí¬pios e práticas – o 3° Encontro Latino Americano de Ecologia e Taxonomia de Oligoquetas (ELA-ETAO3). Acta Zoológica Mexicana, 26, Número especial 2: 1-18, 2010.
BROWN, G.G., EDWARDS, C.A., BRUSSAARD, L. How earthworms affect plant growtt: burrowing into the mechanisms. In: EDWARDS, C. A. (Ed.). Earthworm ecology. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2004. p. 13-49.
CASTELLANOS, L.R., HERNANDEZ, J.C.A. Earthworm biomarkers of pesticide contamination: Current status and perspectives. Journal of Pesticide Science. 32: 360-371, 2007.
COSTA NETO, P.L.O. Estatística. São Paulo: Edgard Blücher, 1977. 264p.
CORREIA, F.V., MOREIRA, J.C. Effects of glyphosate and 2,4-D on earthworms (Eisenia foetida) in laboratory tests, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., v. 85, p. 264-268, 2010.
CURRY, J. P. Factors affecting the abundance of earthworms in soils. 2nd Ed. Boca Raton: C. A. Edwards (Ed.), Earthworm ecology, CRC Press, 2004. Pp. 91-113.
DITTBRENNER, N., SCHMITT, H., CAPOWIEZ, Y., TRIEBSKORN, R. Sensitivity of Eisenia fetida in comparison to Aporrectodea caliginosa and Lumbricus terrestris after imidacloprid exposure. Body mass change and histopatology, J. Soil Sediments, v. 11, p. 1000-1010, 2011.
EMBRAPA – Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária. Manual of methods of soil analysis. Rio de Janeiro: Embrapa-CNPS. 1997. 212p
FLOHR, L.; BRENTANO, D.M.; CARVALHO-PINTO, C.R.S.; MACHADO, V.G. & MATIAS, W.G. Classificação de resíduos sólidos industriais com base em testes ecotoxicológicos utilizando Daphnia magna: Uma alternativa. Biotemas, 18:7-18, 2005.
LAVELLE, P., DECAËNS, T., AUBERT, M., BAROT, S., BLOUIN, M., BUREAU, F., MARGERIE, P., MORA, P., ROSSI, J.P. Soil invertebrates and ecosystem services. European Journal of Soil Biology, 42, Supplement 1: S3-S15, 2006.
MILLER, J.C., MILLER, J.N. Statistics for analytical chemistry. 3a ed. Chichester: Ellis Horwood. 233p., 1993.
NUNES, S.P. Produção e consumo de óleos vegetais. Departamento de Estudos Socio-econômicos Rurais. Boletim Eletrônico nº 159 – Jun de 2007.
GONG, Z., ALEF, K., WILKE, B.M., LI, P. Dissolution and removal of PAHs from a contaminated soil using sunflower oil. Chemosphere, 58, 291 e 298, 2005a.
GONG, Z., WILKE, B.-M., ALEF, K., LI, P.. Influence of soil moisture on sunflower oil extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a manufactured gas plant soil. Sci. Total Environ. 343, 51 e 59, 2005b.
JAMES, S.W., BROWN, G.G. Earthworm ecology and diversity in Brasil. In: MOREIRA, F. M. S.; SIQUEIRA, J. O.; BRUSSAARD, L. (Eds.). Soil Biodiversity in Amazonian and Other Brazilian Ecosystems. CABI Publishing: Wallingford, 2006. p. 56-116.
PAOLETTI, M.G. The role of earthworms for asses¬sment of sustainability and as bioindicators. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 74, 1-3: 137-155, 1999.
SANTOS, A.D.F., TORRES, C.A.A., RENNÓ, F.P., DRUMOND, M.R.S., FREITAS JÚNIOR, J.E. Utilização de óleo de soja em rações para vacas leiteiras no período de transição: consumo, produção e composição do leite. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38(7), 1363-1371, 2009. https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982009000700028
SANTORUFO, L., VAN GESTEL, C.A., ROCCO, A., MAISTO, G. Soil invertebrates as bioindicators of urban soil quality. Environmental Pollution, v. 161, p. 57-63, 2012.
SILVA, F. de A.S., AZEVEDO, C.A.V. de. The Assistat Software Version 7.7 and its use in the analysis of experimental data. Afr. J. Agric. Res, v.11, n.39, p.3733-3740, 2016. DOI: 10.5897/AJAR2016.11522.
SPADOTTO, C.A., GOMES, M.A., LUCHINI, L.C., ANDREA, M. de. Monitoramento do risco ambiental de agrotóxicos: princípios e recomendações. Embrapa Meio Ambiente. Documentos 42, Jaguariúna, 2004. 29p.
THODE-FILHO, S., PAIVA, J.L. de, FRANCO, H.A., PEREZ, D.V., MARQUES, M.R.C. de. Environmental impacts caused by residual vegetable oil In the soil-plant system. Ciência e Natura Journal, (2017). [no prelo]
VAN GESTEL, C.A.M. The influence of soil characteristics on the toxicity of chemicals for earthworms: a review, p. 44-54. In: GREIG-SMITH P. W., BECKER H., EDWARDS P. J.; HEIMBACH F. (Eds.). Ecotoxicology of earthworms. Intercept Press, Andover, 1992.
VIJVER, M. G., VINK, J.P.M., MIERMANS, C.J.H., VAN GESTEL, C.A.M. Oral sealing using glue: a new method to distinguish between intestinal and dermal uptake of metals in earthworms. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 35: 125-132, 2003.
WANG, Shi-Jie et al. Ecotoxicity assessment of aged petroleum sludge using a suite of effects-based end points in earthworm Eisenia fetida. Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2010; 169 (1-4): 417-428.
WILD, A. 1993. Soils and the environment: an introduction. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
