Kinetics from castor oil extraction using ethanol as solvent
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2236117062688Palabras clave:
Solid-liquid extraction, Mathematical modeling, BiodieselResumen
The sensitization for energy issues and environmental resulting from burning fossil fuels encourage the search for materials, inputs and renewable sources of energy. The biofuel is one of these renewable sources and is produced from vegetable oils extracted from raw material such as castor (Ricinus communis). It has been investigated as a raw material due to the high oil content in the seed, the possibility of plantations in regions with water deficit and high agricultural productivity. In front of the possibility of developing a simplified process for the production of biodiesel, such as in situ transesterification, which avoids the previous separation of the oil existing in the micelle, the present work aims to evaluate the kinetic behavior of extraction from castor oil using ethanol as solvent. In this context, experimental data were obtained about the kinetic from castor oil using ethanol in several conditions of temperature, as well as, fitting mathematical models able to describe the kinetic of the system castor-oil-ethanol. The castor seed used in the work were characterized about its humidity, oil content and acidity, having been obtained 4.86 %, 43.3 % and 2.1 %, respectively. The experiments were carried out in batch using sealed Erlenmeyer flasks in a thermostatic bath with reciprocal agitation to investigate the extraction process at different temperatures (25, 35 and 45 ºC) and solid-liquid ratio equal to 0.08 (g/ml). The percentage extractions were quantified in times of 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 480, 600 and 1440 min. For description of kinetics extraction, the fit of three different kinetic models to the experimental data was tested, pseudo-first order (PFO), pseudo-second order (PSO) and Patricelli. From the calculation of the corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc), the PSO model was the one that best described the extraction kinetics. In this way, the results obtained in this work contribute to expand the knowledge about the extraction process of castor oil with ethanol as solvent.
Descargas
Citas
ABOELAZAYEM, O.; EL-GENDI, N. S.; ABDEL-REHIM, A. A.; ASHOUR, F.; SADEK, M. A. Biodiesel production from castor oil in Egypt: Process optimisation, kinetic study, diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions analysis. Energy. 2018;157:843-852. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.202
AKAIKE, H. Information theory and the maximum likelihood principle in 2nd International Symposium on Information Theory (B.N. Petrov and F. Cs ä ki, eds.). Akademiai Ki à do, Budapest.1973.
AMARANTE, R. C. A.; OLIVEIRA, P. M.; SCHWANTES, F. K.; MÓRON-VILLARREYES, J. A. Oil Extraction from Castor Cake Using Ethanol: Kinetics and Thermodynamics. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2014;53:6824-6829. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1021/ie500508n
ANDRADE, J. K. S.; SILVA, G. F.; BARRETO, L. C. O.; SANTOS, J. A. B. Estudo da cinética de secagem, extração, caracterização e estabilidade térmica do óleo das sementes de Maracujá do Mato (Passiflora Cincinnata Mast.). Rev. GEINTEC. 2013;3:283-291. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7198/geintec.v3i4.306
AOCS. AOCS Official Method Ac 2-41: Soybeans - Moisture and Volatile Matter. Em: Fats, Oils and Lipid Related Analytical Methods. [s.l.] American Oil Chemists’ Society. 2009.
AOCS. AOCS Official Method Ac 3-44: Soybeans - Oil. Em: Fats, Oils and Lipid Related Analytical Methods. [s.l.] American Oil Chemists’ Society. 2009.
AOCS. AOCS Official Method Ac 5-41: Free Fatty Acids in Soybeans.[s.l.] American Oil Chemists’ Society. 2000.
ATABANI, A. E.; SILITONGA, A. S.; BADRUDDIN, I. A.; MAHLIA, T. M. I.; MASJUKI, H. H.; MEKHILEF, S. A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2012;16(4):2070-2093. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.003
ATTIA, A. M. A.; NOUR, M.; NADA, S. A. Study of Egyptian castor biodiesel-diesel fuel properties and diesel engine performance for a wide range of blending ratios and operating conditions for the sake of the optimal blending ratio. Energy Conversion and Management. 2018;174:364-377. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.08.016
BAÜMLER, E. R.; CRAPISTE, G. H.; CARELLI, A. A. Solvent Extraction: Kinetic Study of Major and Minor Compounds. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 2010;87:1489-1495. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-010-1637-3
BELTRÃO, N. E. M. Informações sobre o Biodiesel, em Especial Feito com o Óleo de Mamona. Embrapa Algodão [Internet]. 2003 Aug 24. Available from: https://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/273465.
CHAN, C. H.; YUSOFF, R.; NGOH, G. C. Modeling and kinetics study of conventional and assisted batch solvent extraction. Chemical Engineering Research and Design. 2014;92:1169-1186. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2013.10.001
CHIDAMBARANATHAN, B.; GOPINATH, S.; ARAVINDRAJ, R.; DEVARAJ, A.; KRISHNAN, S. G.; JEEVAANANTHAN, J. K. S. The production of biodiesel from castor oil as a potential feedstock and its usage in compression ignition Engine: A comprehensive review. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.205
COLEMAN, T. F.; LI, Y. An interior trust region approach for nonlinear minimization subject to bounds. SIAM J. Optim. 1996;6(2),418–445. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1137/0806023
CONEJERO, M. A.; CÉSAR, A. S.; BATISTA, A. P. The organizational arrangement of castor bean family farmers promoted by the Brazilian Biodiesel Program: A competitiveness analysis. Energy Policy. 2017;110:461-470. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.08.036
DAS, M.; SARKAR, M.; DATTA, A.; SANTRA, A. K. An experimental study on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel-castor oil biodiesel blends. Renewable Energy. 2018;119:174-184. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.12.014
DAGOSTIN, J. L. A.; CARPINÉ, D.; CORAZZA, M. L. 2015. Extraction of soybean oil using ethanol and mixtures with alkyl esters (biodiesel) as co-solvent: Kinetics and thermodynamics. Industrial Crops and Products. 2015;74:69–75. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.04.054
DEMIRBAS, A. Importance of biodiesel as transportation fuel. Energy Policy. 2007;35(9):4661-4670. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.04.003
DOMINGUES, L. S. S. Produção de biodiesel de óleo de soja (Glycine max) via transesterificação in situ. [monography]. Bagé: Bacharel em Engenharia de Energia/UNIPAMPA; 2017. 46p.
GARCÍA, M.; BOTELLA, L.; GIL-LALAGUNA, N.; ARAUZO, J.; GONZALO, A.; SÁNCHEZ, J. L. Antioxidants for biodiesel: Additives prepared from extracted fractions of bio-oil. Fuel Processing Technology. 2017;156:407-414. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.10.001
GREEN, D. W.; PERRY, R. H. Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook. McGraw-Hill Book Company. 2008. 8ed.
HAAS, M. J.; SCOTT, K. M.; FOGLIA, T. A.; MARMER, W. N. The general applicability of in situ transesterification for the production of fatty acid esters from a variety of feedstocks. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 2007;84:963–970. Available from: https://doi.org10.1007/s11746-007-1119-4
HINCAPIÉ, G.; MONDRAGON, F.; LÓPEZ, D. P. Conventional and in situ transesterification of castor seed oil for biodiesel production. Fuel. 2011;90(4):1618–1623. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.01.027
HURVICH, C. M.; TSAI, C. L. Model selection for least absolute deviations regression in small samples. Statistics & Probability Letters. 1990;9(3):259-265. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7152(90)90065-F
INSTITUTO INTERAMERICANO DE COOPERAÇÃO PARA A AGRICULTURA [Internet]. Brasil: Informe sobre a situação e perspectivas da agroenergia e dos biocombustíveis no Brasil. 2007. Available from: http://cmsdespoluir.cnt.org.br/Documents/PDFs/IICA-%20biocombustibles.pdf
KEERA, S. T.; EL SABAGH, M. E.; TAMAN, A. R. Castor oil biodiesel production and optimization. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum. 2018;27(4):979-984. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2018.02.007
KNOTHE, G.; KRAHL, J.; GERPEN, J. The Biodiesel Handbook. Champaign - USA: AOCS Press; 1:1-494. 2010.
KUCEK, K. T. Otimização da transesterificação etílica do óleo de soja em meio alcalino [Dissertation]. Curitiba: Mestrado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química/UFPR; 2004. 123 p.
MARCHETTI, J. M.; MIGUEL, V. U.; ERRAZU, A. F. Possible methods for biodiesel production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2007;11(6):1300-1311. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2005.08.006
MELLER, E.; GREEN, U.; AIZENSHTAT, Z.; SASSON, Y. Catalytic deoxygenation of castor oil over Pd/C for the production of cost effective biofuel. Fuel. 2014;133:89-95. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.04.094
MENEZES, M. L.; JOHANN, G.; DIÓRIO, A.; PEREIRA, N. C.; SILVA, E. A. Phenomenological determination of mass transfer parameters of oil extraction from grape biomass waste. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018;176:130-139. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.128
MENKITI, M. C.; AGU, C. M.; UDEIGWE, T. K. Extraction of oil from Terminalia catappa L.: Process parameter impacts, kinetics, and thermodynamics. 2015;77:713-723. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.019
MENKITI, M. C.; AGU, C. M.; UDEIGWE, T. K. Kinetic and parametric studies for the extractive synthesis of oil from Terminalia catappa L. kernel. Reac Kinet Mech Cat. 2017;120:129-147. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-016-1101-y
MONTE BLANCO, S. P. D.; SCHEUFELE, F. B.; MÓDENES, A. N.; ESPINOZA-QUIÑONES, F. R.; MARIN, P.; KROUMOV, A. D.; et al. Kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic phenomenological modeling of reactive dye adsorption onto polymeric adsorbent. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2017;307:466-475. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.08.104
PATRICELLI, A.; ASSOGNA, A.; CASALAINA, A.; EMMI, A.; SODINI, G. Fattori che influenzano I’estrazione dei lipidi da semi decorticati di girasole. La Rivista ltaliana Delle Sostanze Grasse. 1979;56:136-142.
PRADANA, Y. S.; HIDAYAT, A.; PRASETYA, A.; BUDIMAN, A. Biodiesel production in a reactive distillation column catalyzed by heterogeneous potassium catalyst. Energy Procedia. 2017;143:742–747. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.756.
PEREZ, E. E.; CARELLI, A. A.; CRAPISTE, G. H. Temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient of oil from different sunflower seeds during extraction with hexane. Journal of Food Engineering. 2011;105(1):180–185. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.02.025
POUSA, G. P. A. G.; SANTOS, A. L. F.; SUAREZ, A. Z. History and policy of biodiesel in Brazil. Energy Policy. 2007;35(11):5393–5398. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.010
ROY, T.; SAHANI, S.; SHARMA, Y. C. Green synthesis of biodiesel from Ricinus communis oil (castor seed oil) using potassium promoted lanthanum oxide catalyst: kinetic, thermodynamic and environmental studies. Fuel. 2020;274. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.11764
SANGALETTI-GERHARD, N.; ROMANELLI, T. L.; VIEIRA, T. M. F. S.; NAVIA, R.; D’ARCE, M. A. B. R. Energy flow in the soybean biodiesel production chain using ethanol as solvent extraction of oil from soybeans. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2014;66:39–48. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.04.004
SAWADA, M. M.; LOPES, L.; TODA, T. A.; RODRIGUES, C. E. C. Effects of different alcoholic extraction conditions on soybean oil yield, fatty acid composition and protein solubility of defatted meal. Food Research International. 2014;62:662–670. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2014.04.039
SHAMPINE, L. F.; REICHELT, M. W. The MATLAB ODE Suite. SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing. 1997;18(1):1–22. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1137 / S1064827594276424
TODA, T. A.; SAWADA, M. M.; RODRIGUES, C. E. C. Kinetics of soybean oil extraction using ethanol as solvent: Experimental data and modeling. Food and Bioproducts Processing. 2016;98:1-10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2015.12.003
TOMAZIN JUNIOR, C. Extração de óleo de soja com etanol e transesterificação etílica na miscela. [dissertation]. Piracicaba: Mestrado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências/USP; 2008. 72 p.
Descargas
Publicado
Versiones
- 2022-07-28 (2)
- 2020-12-04 (1)
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
DECLARATION
