Estrategias de promoción de la salud mental em el trabajo de enfermería hospitalaria: revisión integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179769274722Palabras clave:
Estrategias de Salud, Grupo de Enfermería, Hospitales, Salud Laboral, Salud MentalResumen
Objetivo: identificar estrategias de promoción de la salud mental para trabajadores de enfermería hospitalaria disponibles en la literatura. Método: revisión integrativa de la literatura en las bases de datos Lilacs, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library y Medline. Se incluyeron en la muestra estudios primarios publicados en portugués, inglés o español, disponibles en su totalidad en los últimos diez años (2012 - 2022). La selección se realizó de manera doble ciego, y los resultados se presentan de forma descriptiva e interpretados a la luz del marco teórico-conceptual adoptado. Resultados: once artículos señalan estrategias individuales centradas en la formación de habilidades, la teleasistencia y los programas de desarrollo de la resiliencia, que redujeron los síntomas de depresión, ansiedad, estrés, agotamiento y rotación, y aumentaron la satisfacción laboral, los estilos de vida saludables, el bienestar y la salud general. Conclusión: las estrategias de promoción de la salud mental en el trabajo mantienen su enfoque en lo individual, y no involucran aspectos organizativos y colectivos del trabajo, denotando insuficiencia al no concentrarse en las causas centrales del problema. Las intervenciones deberían estar encaminadas a cerrar esta brecha para promover entornos de trabajo más saludables.
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