Central sorting waste (CSW): a solution for the management in small cities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2236130810930Keywords:
Solid urban wast, Small cities, Municipal waste managementAbstract
In Brazil, the solid urban waste (SUW) is still deposited in irregular places. Some management strategies can change this scenario, as the reduction in the generation and recycling of materials, with the consequent disposing in landfill only the tailing. Small cities present financial and technical difficulties in constructing and managing landfills. The central sorting waste (CSW) constitutes a viable solution considering the possibility to improve the segregation and evaluation of materials. The sorted material is forwarded to recycling or disposal in landfill. According to the National Solid Waste Politics, Law 12,305 (BRAZIL, 2010) this solution can be associated. The presented context motivated the current work which was conducted in partnership between UFSM and FEPAM Santa Maria Region/GERSEN. The objective was to develop a study to become viable the establishment of CSW in small cities. Two regions located in the center of Rio Grande do Sul State were analyzed in order to know the generation profile of small cities. Each of the regions was composed of six cities. The results showed that the residue derived from rural areas is essentially recyclable, since the organic fraction which is separated at source it is used to produce compost or it is mixed with animal feed. Thus, the portion collected and forwarded to the central sorting presents high utilization considering the later shipment to recycling companies. On the other hand, the residues generated by the urban population lacks of an appropriate separation, in order to reduce the waste of materials sent to landfill. This study allows us to state that the implementation of CSW reduces the municipal costs of waste management, especially for small cities, because it is an opportunity to add value to the collected fraction and to reduce the volume that would be sent to landfill. The organization of the sector from Centrals enables the implementation of selective collection programs and environmental education, as well as attending the National Policy on Solid Waste.
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