Análise da relação entre a qualidade de vida no trabalho, o comprometimento organizacional e a intenção de permanecer na organização a partir da percepção dos servidores de uma instituição de ensino superior pública
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2318133888892Palavras-chave:
qualidade de vida no trabalho, comprometimento organizacional, intenção de permanecer na organização, modelagem de equações estruturais, universidade.Resumo
As necessidades multidimensionais dos funcionários podem influenciar significativamente sua decisão de permanecer ou deixar a organização a qual estão vinculados. Nesse sentido, o investimento na qualidade de vida no trabalho tem se mostrado uma estratégia vantajosa para aprimorar as condições laborais, reter talentos e promover o desempenho organizacional almejado. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção dos servidores de uma instituição de ensino superior pública quanto à qualidade de vida no trabalho e sua relação, mediada pelo comprometimento organizacional, com a intenção de permanecer na organização. Realizou-se um estudo teórico acerca dos construtos selecionados, com a criação de hipóteses de pesquisa. Metodologicamente a pesquisa tem uma abordagem descritiva e quantitativa, com análise de caminhos por meio da modelagem de equações estruturais. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de questionário composto de 45 itens, com 148 respondentes. Os resultados encontrados confirmaram apenas 4 das 15 hipóteses formuladas: Treinamento e desenvolvimento e Satisfação no trabalho demonstraram valor significativo na predição da intenção de permanecer, sendo também confirmada a mediação do comprometimento organizacional na relação. Desse modo, conclui-se que os funcionários, ao perceberem a qualidade de vida no ambiente de trabalho, estão mais propensos a permanecer na organização, o que pode afetar positivamente o desempenho organizacional.
Downloads
Referências
ADIKOESWANTO, Dodot; ELIYANA, Anis; HAMIDAH; SARIWULAN, Tuti; BUCHDADI, Agung. Dharmawan; FIRDA, Fadilla. Quality of work life’s factors and their impacts on organizational commitments. SRP, v. 11, n. 7, p. 450-461, 2020.
AGUS, Arawati; SELVARAJ, Rajni. The mediating role of employee commitment in the relationship between quality of work life and the intention to stay. Employee Relations, v. 42, n. 6, p. 1231-1248, 2020.
ALLEN, Natalie; MEYER, John. The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology., v. 63, p. 1-18, 1990.
ALZAMEL, Luma Ghazi Ibrahim; ABDULLAH, Katijah Lim; CHONG, Mei Chan; CHUA, Yan Piaw. The quality of work life and turnover intentions among Malaysian nurses: the mediating role of organizational commitment. J Egypt Public Health Assoc, 2020.
BAGTASOS, Maynard Riveral. Quality of Work Life: A Review of Literature. DLSU Business & Economics Review, v. 20, n. 2, p. 1-8, 2011.
BARON, Reuben; KENNY, David. The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, v.56, n. 6, p. 1173-1182, 1986.
BAXTER, Gordon; SOMMERVILLE, Ian. Socio-technical systems: From design methods to systems engineering. Interacting with Computers, v. 23, n. 1, p. 4-17, 2011.
BHUIAN, Shahid N; MENGUC, Bulent. An extension and evaluation of job characteristics, organizational commitment and job satisfaction in an expatriate, guest worker, sales setting. Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, v. 22, n. 1, p. 1-11, 2002.
CARLSON, Howard C. A model of quality of work life as a developmental process. Education + Training, v. 25, n. 1, p. 27-32, 1983.
CLOSON, Caroline; LEYS, Christopher; HELLEMANSHORS, Catherine. Cultural differences in a public hospital in Mexico. The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, v. 14, n. 1, p. 85-105, 2016.
COOPER-HAKIM, Amy; VISWESVARAN, Chockalingam. The construct of work commitment: Testing an integrative framework. Psychological Bulletin, v. 131, n. 2, p. 241-259, 2005.
COOPEY, John. The learning organization, power, politics and ideology. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, v. 503, n. 1, p. 122-136, 1995.
DATTA, Tanmoy. Quality of worklife: a human values approach. [S. l.: s. n.], 1993.
DAUD, Normala; YAAKOB, Yazlinda; GHAZALI, Siti Nur Musliha. Quality of work life and organizational commitment: empirical investigation among academic in public institution of higher learning. International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research, v. 13, n. 7, p. 6127-6144, 2015.
DHAMIJA, Pavitra; GUPTA, Shivam; BAG, Surajit. Measuring of job satisfaction: the use of quality of work life factors. Benchmarking, v. 26, n. 3, p. 871-892, 2019.
ELS, Vernise; BROUWERS, Marissa; LODEWYK, Roslyn. Quality of work life: effects on turnover intention and organisational commitment amongst selected south african manufacturing organisations. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, v. 19, p. 1-10, 2021.
FERNANDES, Eda Conte; GUTIERREZ, Luiz Homero. Qualidade de vida no trabalho: uma experiência brasileira. Rausp Management Journal, v. 23, n. 4, p. 29-38, 1988.
FERREIRA, Mário César. Qualidade de vida no trabalho: do assistencialismo à promoção efetiva. Laboreal, v. 11, n. 2, p. 1-12, 2015.
FOMBRUN, Charles; SHANLEY, Mark. What’s in a name? Reputation building and corporate strategy. Academy of Management Journal, v. 33, n. 2, p. 233-258, 1990.
FORNELL, Claes; LARCKER, David. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, v. 18, n. 1, p. 39-50, 2016.
GEETHA, Racil; MANI, R. S. Quality of work life: a literature review. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, v. 11, n. 16, p. 8928-8931, 2016.
GOPINATH, Rahul. Role of employees’ attitude in workplace. Gedrag & Organisatie Review, v. 33, n. 2, p. 1461-1475, 2020.
GRABNER-KRÄUTER, Sonja; BREITENECKER, Robert J; TAFOLLI, Festim. Exploring the relationship between employees’ CSR perceptions and intention to emigrate: evidence from a developing country. Business Ethics, p. 1-16, abr. 2020.
HAIR JR., Joseph; BLACK, William; BABIN, Barry; ANDERSON, Rolph. Análise multivariada de dados. Porto Alegre: Bookman, 2009.
HAVLOVIC, Stephen J. Quality of work life and human resource outcomes. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, v. 30, n. 3, p. 469-479, 1991.
HU, Li-Tze; BENTLER, Peter. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, v. 6, n. 1, p. 1-55, 1999.
HUANG, Tung Chun; LAWLER, John; LEI, Ching Y.I. The effects of quality of work life on commitment and turnover intention. Social Behavior and Personality, v. 35, n. 6, p. 735-750, 2007.
JAMES, Garet; WITTEN, Daniela; HASTIE, Trevor; TIBSHIRANI, Robert. An introduction to statistical learning. New York: Springer, 2013.
JAVANMARDNEJAD, Somayeh; BANDARI, Razieh; HERAVI-KARIMOOI, Majideh; REJEH, Nahid; SHARIF NIA, Hamid; MONTAZERI, Ali. Happiness, quality of working life, and job satisfaction among nurses working in emergency departments in Iran. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, v. 19, n. 1, p. 1-8, 2021.
KAMEL, Mostafa M. The mediating role of affective commitment in the relationship between quality of work life and intention. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, v. 10, n. 4, p. 1062-1067, 2013.
KIERNAN, William; KNUTSON, Kari. Quality of work life. In: SCHALOCK, Robert L; BEGAB, Michael J. Quality of life: perspectives and Issues. Washington DC: American association on mental retardation, 1990. cap. 11, p. 101- 114.
KHASKHELI, Asadullah; JIANG, Yushi; RAZA, Syed A; QURESHI, Muhammad A; KHAN, Komal A; SALAM, Javeria. Do CSR activities increase organizational citizenship behavior among employees? Mediating role of affective commitment and job satisfaction. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, v. 27, n. 6, p. 2941-2955, 2020.
LABRAGUE, Leodoro J; MCENROE-PETITTE, Denise M; TSARAS, Konstantinos; CRUZ, Jonas P; COLET, Paolo C; GLOE, Donna S. Organizational commitment and turnover intention among rural nurses in the Philippines: implications for nursing management. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, v. 5, n. 4, p. 403-408, 2018.
LEE, Ya-Wen; DAI, Yu-Tzu; CHANG, Mei Yeh; CHANG, Yue-Cune; YAO, Kaiping Grace; LIU, Mei-Chun. Quality of work life, nurses’ intention to leave the profession, and nurses leaving the profession: a one-year prospective survey. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, v. 49, n. 4, p. 438-444. 2017. DOI 10.1111/jnu.12301.
LICHTENSTEIN, Donald; DRUMWRIGHT, Minette; BRAIG, Bridgette. The effect of corporate social responsibility on customer donations to corporatesupported nonprofit. Journal of Marketing, v. 68, n. 4, p. 16-32, 2004.
LOUVEIRA, Juliane; BRUSTOLIN, Regiane; DERROSSO, Giuliano. Qualidade de vida no trabalho no setor hoteleiro da cidade de Foz do Iguaçu. Navus - Revista de Gestão e Tecnologia, v. 8, n. 1, p. 58-71, 2018.
MACCALLUM, Robert; BROWNE, Michael; SUGAWARA, Hazuki. Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, v. 1, n. 2, p. 130-149, 1996.
MARTA, Janet et al. Perceptions about ethics institutionalization and quality of work life: Thai versus American marketing managers. Journal of Business Research, v. 66, n. 3, p. 381-389, 2013.
MAYFIELD, Jacqueline; MAYFIELD, Milton. The effects of leader communication on a worker’s intent to stay: an investigation using structural equation modeling. Human Performance, 20(2), 85-102. 2007.
MCDONALD, Roderecik; HO, Moon-Ho Ringo. Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses. Psychological Methods, v. 7, n. 1, p. 64-82, 2002.
MCWILLIAMS, Abagail; SIEGEL, Donald S; WRIGHT, Patrick M. Corporate social responsibility: strategic implications. Journal of Management Studies, v. 43, n. 1, p. 1-18, 2006.
MEBARKI, Bouhafs; AHMED FOUATIH, Mohammed El Amine; MOKDAD, Mohamed. Quality of work life and differences in demographic characteristics among managerial staff in algerian tertiary sector. Work, v. 62, n. 3, p. 435-442, 2019.
MEDEIROS, Carlos Alberto Freire; ENDERS, Wayne Thomas. Validação do modelo de conceitualização de três componentes do comprometimento organizacional (Meyer e Allen, 1991). Revista de Administração Contemporânea, v. 2, n. 3, p. 67-87, 1998.
MIN, Hokey; EMAM, Ahmed. Developing the profiles of truck drivers for their successful recruitment and retention: a data mining approach. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, v. 33, n. 2, p. 149-162, 2003.
MIRKAMALI, Seyed Mohammad; THANI, Fatemeh Narenji. A study on the quality of work life among faculty members of University of Tehran and Sharif university of technology (SUT). Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, v. 29, p. 179-187, 2011.
MOONEY, Annabelle. Quality of life: questionnaires and questions. Journal of Health Communication, v. 11, n. 3, p. 327-341, 2006.
MORSY, Sahar; SABRA, Hanaa. Relation between quality of work life and nurses job satisfactionatassiut university hospitals. Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal, v. 13, n. 1, 2015.
MOSADEGHRAD, Ali Mohammad. Occupational stress and turnover intention: implications for nursing management. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, v. 1, n. 2, p. 169-176, 2013.
NAYAK, Tanaya, SAHOO, Chandan Kumar; MOHANTY, Pravati Kumar. Workplace empowerment, quality of work life and employee commitment: a study on Indian healthcare sector. Journal of Asia Business Studies, v. 12, n. 2, p. 117-136, 2018.
NEWAZ, Mohammad Khaleq; ALI, Taskina; AKHTER, Ireen. Employee perception regarding turnover decision-in context of Bangladesh Banking Sector. Brac University Journal, v. 4, n. 2, p. 67-74, 2007.
O’REILLY, Charles; CHATMAN, Jennifer. Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: the effects of compliance, identification, and internalization on prosocial behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, v. 71, n. 3, p. 492-499, 1986.
ÖZGENEL, Mustafa. The effect of quality of life work on organizational commitment: a comparative analysis on school administrators and teachers. Ilkogretim Online - Elementary Education Online, v. 20, n. 1, p. 129-144. 2021.
PANACCIO, Alexandra; VANDENBERGHE, Christian. Perceived organizational support, organizational commitment and psychological well-being: a longitudinal study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, v. 75, n. 2, p. 224-236, 2009.
PORTER, Lyman W; CRAMPON, William J; SMITH, Frank J. Organizational commitment and managerial turnover: a longitudinal study. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, v. 15, p. 87-98, 1976.
RAMAWICKRAMA, Jayarani; OPATHA, Henarath; PUSHPAKUMARI, MD. Quality of work life, job satisfaction, and the facets of the relationship between the two constructs. International Business Research, v. 10, n. 4, p. 167-182. 2017.
ROSSEEL, Yves. Lavaan: An R package for structural equation modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, v. 48, n. 2, p. 1-36. 2012.
SAHNI, Jolly. Role of quality of work life in determining employee engagement and organizational commitment in telecom industry. International Journal for Quality Research, v. 13, n. 2, p. 285-300, 2019.
SALAHAT, Muna Fayez; AL-HAMDAN, Zaid Mohammed. Quality of nursing work life, job satisfaction, and intent to leave among Jordanian nurses: A descriptive study. Heliyon Elsevier, v. 8, 2022.
SÁNCHEZ CAÑIZARES, Sandra M; FUENTES GARCÍA, Fernando J. Organizational commitment and job satisfaction. In: DE JUANA-ESPINOSA, Susana; FERNANDEZ-SANCHEZ, Jose Antonio; MANRESA-MARHUENDA, Encarnacion; VALDES-CONCA, Jorge (ed.). Human resource management in the digital economy: creating synergy between competency models and information, v. 2, n. 2, p. 138-161, 2012.
SANIL, S K; NAIR, Vinith Kumar; RAMANATHAN, Hareesh N. Cognitive ergonomics and employee well-being in financial companies. Journal of Strategic Human Resource Management, v. 2, n. 3, p. 48-55, 2013.
SARAJI, Nasl; DARGAHI, Helen. Study of Quality of Work Life (QWL). Iranian Journal of Public Health, v. 35, n. 4, p. 8-14, 2006.
SHROUT, Patrick E; BOLGER, Niall. Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: new procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, v. 7, n. 4, p. 422-445. 2002.
SINGH, Agyapal; MAINI, Jiwan Jyoti. Quality of work life and job performance: a study of faculty working in the technical institutions. Higher Education Quarterly, v. 75, n. 4, p. 667-687, 2021.
SINVAL, Jorge et al. The quality of work life scale: validity evidence from Brazil and Portugal. Applied Research in Quality of Life, v. 15, n. 5, p. 1323-1351, 1 nov. 2020.
SIRGY, M. Joseph; EFRATY, David; SIEGEL, Phillip; LEE, Dong Jin. A new measure of quality of work life (QWL) based on need satisfaction and spillover theories. Social Indicators Research, v. 55, n. 3, p. 241-302, 2001.
SRIVASTAVA, Shalini; MISRA, Richa; MADAN, Poornima. The saviors are also humans: understanding the role of quality of work life on job burnout and job satisfaction relationship of indian doctors. Journal of Health Management, v. 21, n. 2, p. 210-229, 2019.
SUSILAWATI, Endang; AMIN, Shofia; MUSNAINI, Musnaini. Increasing organizational citizenship behavior through quality of work life and organizational commitment. Afebi Management and Business Review, v. 6, n. 1, p. 45, 2021.
SWAMY, Devappa Renuka et al. Quality of work life: scale development and validation. International Journal of Caring Sciences, v. 8, n. 2, p. 281- 300, 2015.
TABASSUM, Ayesha. Interrelations between quality of work life dimensions and faculty member job satisfaction in the private universities. European Journal of Business and Management, v. 4, n. 2, p. 78-90, 2012.
TALEBI, Behnam; PAKDELBONAB, Mehdi; ZEMESTANI, Ghader; AGHDAMI, Nasrin. Investigating the relationship between the employee’s quality of work life (QWL) and their effectiveness in banking. European Journal of Experimental Biology, v. 2, n. 5, p. 1839-1842, 2012.
NAYAK, Tanaya; SAHOO, Chandan Kumar; MOHANTY, Pravat Kumar. Workplace empowerment, quality of work life and employee commitment: a study on Indian healthcare sector. Journal of Asia Business Studies, v. 34, n. 1, p. 1-5, 2010.
TIMOSSI, Luciana da Silva et al. Evaluation of quality of work life: An adaptation from the Walton’s QWL model. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT,14, 2008. Anais ... Rio de Janeiro: AMPP, 2008, p. 1-17, 2008.
VILADRICH, Carme; ANGULO-BRUNET, Ariadna; DOVAL, Eduardo. Un viaje alrededor de alfa y omega para estimar la fiabilidad de consistencia interna. Anales de Psicología, v. 33, n. 3, 755-782. 2017.
WALTON, Richard. Quality of working life: what is it? Sloan Management Rev., v. 15, n. 1, p. 11-21, 1973.
WALTON, Richard. Criteria for quality of working life. In: DAVIS, L.E; CHERNS, A.B. (ed.). The quality of working life. New York: The Free Press, p. 91-104, 1975. v. 1.
WEISS, Howard M. Deconstructing job satisfaction separating evaluations, beliefs and affective experiences. Human Resource Management Review, v. 12, n. 1, p. 173-194, 2002.
ZIN, Razali Mat. Perception of professional engineers toward quality of worklife and organizational commitment. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, v. 6, n. 3, p. 323-334, 2004.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internacional Reconocimento não comercial sem obra derivada, que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista. Exemplo: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro, com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online. Exemplo: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal - a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado.
Política de privacidade
Os nomes e endereços informados nesta revista serão usados exclusivamente para os serviços prestados por esta publicação, não sendo disponibilizados para outras finalidades ou a terceiros.
