Study of the application of biomass, biochar and hydrochar from acerola waste (Malpighia Emarginata D.C.) as biosorbents for methylene blue in aqueous solution
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X90647Keywords:
Agro-industrial waste, Adsorption, BioproductsAbstract
Fruit cultivation is a key activity in Brazil, positioning the country as the third-largest global fruit producer due to favorable climatic conditions. Acerola (Malpighia Emarginata D.C.), originally from Central America, is primarily produced in Brazil. Its high perishability often leads to processing, generating significant waste. This study investigates the potential of slow pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization for repurposing acerola by-products. Slow pyrolysis converts biomass through moderate heating and extended residence times, while hydrothermal carbonization employs high temperatures and water in a reactor. The solid outputs, biochar and hydrochar, are rich in oxygenated functional groups. This research characterized acerola waste, produced biochar and hydrochar, and evaluated their methylene blue dye adsorption capacities. Results show maximum adsorption capacities of 65.57 mg g⁻¹ for biomass, 29.98 mg g⁻¹ for biochar, and 36.05 mg g⁻¹ for hydrochar without pH adjustment. Under optimal conditions, biochar and hydrochar achieved 97.94% and 98.66% dye removal, respectively, emphasizing the sustainable reuse of acerola waste for environmental applications.
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