Wind speed peaks and their relationship with the increase of scalar flows in the tropical night atmosphere: a case study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2179460X45354Keywords:
Wind peaks, Nocturnal boundary layer, Scalar flows, Amazonian forest, phase spaceAbstract
Some physical aspects related to the occurrence of nocturnal instability-inducing intense peaks in wind speed (here abbreviated by PV.) in the tropical atmosphere above forest were investigated. Such phenomena cause strong variations in turbulent signals, occurrence of strong turbulence regimes, and significant increases in scalar fluxes. Was found that these events that occur during strong turbulence regimes can be preceded and succeeded by low frequency oscillations in environmental variables and that the significant increase in scalar fluxes observed is associated with the existence of a relative maximum wind speed value (). Procedures are applied to the data used here to enable the construction of phase space diagrams in order to better analyze the increase in amplitude of low frequency oscillations observed before PV outbreak, as well as the decrease in amplitude after PV. The aforementioned phase diagrams are used to obtain repulsor and attractor limit cycles, which respectively precede and succeed the peaks in wind speed. Weather radar images are also used to further investigate the studied atmospheric phenomenon.
Downloads
References
BETTS, A. K., GATTI, L. V., CORDOVA, A. M., SILVA DIAS, M. A., & FUENTES, J. D. Transport of ozone to the surface by convective downdrafts at night. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, v. 107, n. D20, p. LBA 13-1-LBA 13-6, 2002.
COSTANTINO, L.; HEINRICH, P. Tropical deep convection and density current signature in surface pressure: comparison between WRF model simulations and infrasound measurements. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, v. 14, n. 6, 2014.
DIAS-JÚNIOR, C. Q., SÁ, L. D., MARQUES FILHO, E. P., SANTANA, R. A., MAUDER, M., & MANZI, A. O. Turbulence regimes in the stable boundary layer above and within the Amazon forest. Agricultural and forest meteorology, v. 233, p. 122-132, 2017.
FARIAS, FRANCISCO OTÁVIO MIRANDA. Detecção de fenômenos extremos na camada limite atmosférica noturna acima da floresta Amazônica a partir da análise de sinais precursores. 2017. 233 f. Tese (Clima e Ambiente (CLIAMB)) - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, 2017.
FUENTES, J. D., CHAMECKI, M., NASCIMENTO DOS SANTOS, R. M., VON RANDOW, C., STOY, P. C., KATUL, G., ... & SOUZA FREIRE, L. Linking meteorology, turbulence, and air chemistry in the Amazon rain forest. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 97, n. 12, p. 2329-2342, 2016.
GARSTANG, M., WHITE, S., SHUGART, H. H., & HALVERSON, J. Convective cloud downdrafts as the cause of large blowdowns in the Amazon rainforest. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, v. 67, n. 1-4, p. 199-212, 1998.
GARSTANG, M., & FITZJARRALD, D. R. Observations of surface to atmosphere interactions in the tropics. Oxford University Press, USA, 1999.
GERKEN, T., WEI, D., CHASE, R. J., FUENTES, J. D., SCHUMACHER, C., MACHADO, L. A., ... & JARDINE, A. B. (2016). Downward transport of ozone rich air and implications for atmospheric chemistry in the Amazon rainforest. Atmospheric Environment, v. 124, p. 64-76, 2016.
IZADI, H. Local signal regularity and smoothness as a means for seismic Q estimation. (2012). (Doctoral dissertation, University of Calgary).
MAFRA, A. C. B., DE ARAÚJO, A. C., DE ABREU SÁ, L. D., DOS SANTOS, R. M. N., TREBS, I., & SÖRGEL, M. Variability of the mean concentration of co2 above the amazonian forest during nighttime associated with distinct turbulence regimes. Ciência e Natura, v. 38, n. 1, p. 429-433, 2016.
MARTENS, P.C. Applications of non-linear methods in astronomy. Physics Reports, v. 115, n. 6, p. 315-378, 1984.
Oliveira, M. I., Acevedo, O. C., Sörgel, M., Nascimento, E. L., Manzi, A. O., Oliveira, P. E., ... & Andreae, M. O. Planetary boundary layer evolution over the Amazon rainforest in episodes of deep moist convection at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, v. 20, n. 1, p. 15-27, 2020.
SUN, J., MAHRT, L., BANTA, R. M., & PICHUGINA, Y. L. Turbulence regimes and turbulence intermittency in the stable boundary layer during CASES-99. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, v. 69, n. 1, p. 338-351, 2012.
VICKERS, D, MAHRT, L. Quality control and flux sampling problems for tower and aircraft data. Journal of atmospheric and oceanic technology, v. 14, n. 3, p. 512-526, 1997.
WANG, J., KREJCI, R., GIANGRANDE, S., KUANG, C., BARBOSA, H. M., BRITO, J., ... & LAVRIC, J. Amazon boundary layer aerosol concentration sustained by vertical transport during rainfall. Nature, v. 539, n. 7629, p. 416-419, 2016.
WISSMEIER, U, GOLER R. A comparison of tropical and midlatitude thunderstorm evolution in response to wind shear. Journal of the atmospheric sciences, v. 66, n. 8, p. 2385-2401, 2009.
Zipser, E. J., Liu, C., Cecil, D. J., Nesbitt, S. W., & Yorty, D. P. Where are the most intense thunderstorms on Earth?. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 87, n. 8, p. 1057-1072, 2006.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
To access the DECLARATION AND TRANSFER OF COPYRIGHT AUTHOR’S DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT LICENSE click here.
Ethical Guidelines for Journal Publication
The Ciência e Natura journal is committed to ensuring ethics in publication and quality of articles.
Conformance to standards of ethical behavior is therefore expected of all parties involved: Authors, Editors, Reviewers, and the Publisher.
In particular,
Authors: Authors should present an objective discussion of the significance of research work as well as sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the experiments. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable. Review Articles should also be objective, comprehensive, and accurate accounts of the state of the art. The Authors should ensure that their work is entirely original works, and if the work and/or words of others have been used, this has been appropriately acknowledged. Plagiarism in all its forms constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Authors should not submit articles describing essentially the same research to more than one journal. The corresponding Author should ensure that there is a full consensus of all Co-authors in approving the final version of the paper and its submission for publication.
Editors: Editors should evaluate manuscripts exclusively on the basis of their academic merit. An Editor must not use unpublished information in the editor's own research without the express written consent of the Author. Editors should take reasonable responsive measures when ethical complaints have been presented concerning a submitted manuscript or published paper.
Reviewers: Any manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should be conducted objectively, and observations should be formulated clearly with supporting arguments, so that Authors can use them for improving the paper. Any selected Reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the Editor and excuse himself from the review process. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.
