Evaluation of the clinical aspects of patients hospitalized for diabetic foot in a hospital in the city of Pinheiro - Maranhão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2236583469691Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic foot, Complications of DiabetesAbstract
Introduction: Among the diseases generated by diabetes, there are acute and chronic complications. One of the main chronic problems is the diabetic foot, defined as the existence of infection, ulceration and/or destruction of deep tissues related to neurological problems and various levels of peripheral vascular disease in individuals with DM. Methodology: This is an observational, cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive study. The research was carried out in two moments, the first being at Hospital Regional Dr. Antenor Abreu, in the municipality of Pinheiro - MA, where patients hospitalized for diabetic foot were studied during the period from March to September 2019, and in January 2020 in that hospital through active search, through data collection and review of medical records. Ten individuals with diabetes in the aforementioned city were interviewed through a questionnaire. Data were tabulated in Excel 2016 software and analyzed by Stata program, using Fisher's exact test and student's t test. Results: Of the 31 patients evaluated, it was seen that 41.9% received only clinical treatment and 38.7% were amputees. In the interview, it is clear that a large part is between the ranges of 41 to 60 and 61 to 80 years, corresponding to 80% of the sample. As for the variables used to identify foot care, there is a discrepancy between the knowledge of the need to perform such care (100%) and the percentage of respondents who said they did not receive guidance on how to perform such care (40%). In addition, 10% of respondents said they were smokers and 20% are ex-smokers, as well as 80% have a diagnosis of systemic arterial hypertension. Final considerations: The study presents important aspects of the profile of these individuals and the diabetic foot, as well as relevant information on preventive aspects, which are the best interventional solution for this pathology.
Downloads
References
Teston EF, Spigolon DN, Maran E, de Lima Santo A, Matsuda LM, Marcon SS. Perspectiva de enfermeiros sobre educação para a saúde no cuidado com o Diabetes Mellitus. Rev Bras Enferm [Internet]. 2018;71(suppl 6):2899–907.
Gaúcha R, Perdomo-romeroa A, Rodríguez-véleza M. Conocimientos y prácticas para la prevención del pie diabético. Rev Gaúcha Enferm. 2019;40(0).
Al RW (Chair) et. IDF Diabetes Atlas 9th [Internet]. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition. 2019. 176 p. Available from: https://diabetesatlas.org/idfawp/resource-files/2019/07/IDF_diabetes_atlas_ninth_edition_en.pdf
Aguiar C, Duarte R, Carvalho D. New approach to diabetes care: from blood glucose to cardiovascular disease. Rev Port Cardiol [Internet]. 2019;38(1):53–63. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repc.2018.03.013
Vieira-Santos ICR, De Souza WV, De Carvalho EF, De Medeiros MCWC, Nóbrega MGDL, Lima PMS. Prevalência de pé diabético e fatores associados nas unidades de saúde da família da cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, em 2005. Cad Saude Publica. 2008;24(12):2861–70.
Brasil - DF. Secretaria de Estado de Saúde. Protocolo de Manejo do Pé Diabético na Atenção Primária e Especializada de Saúde. Comissão Perm Protoc Atenção À Saúde. 2017;1(1):31.
Ministério da Saúde. Manual do pé diabético: estratégias para o cuidado da pessoa com doença crônica / Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Ministério da Saúde. 2016. 62 p.
Silva AAS da, Castro AA, Bomfim LG de, Pitta GBB. Amputações de membros inferiores por Diabetes Mellitus nos estados e nas regiões do Brasil. Research, Society and Development. 2 de abril de 2021;10(4):e11910413837–e11910413837.
Silva E de SJ da, Salgueiro ACF, Brito VB, Júnior JGP, Castro AAM de, Folmer V. Predictive factors for amputations: knowing the problem to seek prevention strategies. RSD [Internet]. 2020Jan.1 [cited 2022Mar.14];9(2):e66922017. Available from: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/2017.
Possi BLMLF, Guedes LGM, Coutinho APV, Sampaio N de OR, Cabas TF de A, Guimarães VD, et al. Avaliação de neuropatia sensitiva motora do pé de pacientes portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 atendidos em unidades de saúde de Vila Velha e Centro de Especialidades Médicas e Atenção à Saúde (CEMAS) / Evaluation of motor sensory neuropathy of the foot of patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus treated at health units in Vila Velha and a Center for Medical Specialties and Health Care. Brazilian Journal of Health Review [Internet]. 18 de março de 2021 [citado 3 de março de 2022];4(2). Disponível em: https://www.brazilianjournals.com/index.php/BJHR/article/view/26556.
Lima CP de Q. Análise dos gastos das internações por diabetes mellitus e complicações do pé diabético em dois hospitais da rede pública de saúde do Distrito Federal, no período de 2012 a 2015. 12 de dezembro de 2016 [citado 3 de março de 2022]; Disponível em: https://bdm.unb.br/handle/10483/16209.
Monteiro HC, Silva V de FA, Ferreira MB, Barbosa D, Martins CA, Foresti BB. Perfil dos pacientes amputados de membros inferiores atendidos por um centro de referência: estudo clínico e epidemiológico. Revista FisiSenectus. 5 de dezembro de 2018;6(1):38–47.
Neves OMG, Nunes PS, Carvalho FO de, Jesus MJM, Aragão JA, Araújo AA de S. Alterações funcionais e biopsicossociais de pacientes com pé diabético. Scientia Plena [Internet]. 16 de abril de 2021 [citado 3 de março de 2022];17(3). Disponível em: https://www.scientiaplena.org.br/sp/article/view/5962.
Santos KPB dos, Luz SCT da, Mochizuki L, d’Orsi E. Carga da doença para as amputações de membros inferiores atribuíveis ao diabetes mellitus no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, 2008-2013. Cad Saúde Pública [Internet]. 5 de fevereiro de 2018 [citado 3 de março de 2022]; 34. Disponível em: http://www.scielo.br/j/csp/a/kWMLJzZGL7frnNVmXctfV6B/abstract/?lang=pt.
Santos WP dos, Freitas FBD de, Nascimento LC, Leite TMU da S, Sousa MM de, Gouveia B de LA. Repercussões das Amputações por Complicações do Pé Diabético. Revista Enfermagem Atual In Derme [Internet]. 7 de agosto de 2019 [citado 3 de março de 2022];88(26).
Petrie JR, Guzik TJ, Touyz RM. Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease: Clinical Insights and Vascular Mechanisms. Can J Cardiol [Internet]. 2018;34(5):575–84. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2017.12.005.
Yamazaki D, Hitomi H, Nishiyama A. Hypertension with diabetes mellitus complications review-article. Hypertens Res [Internet]. 2018;41(3):147–56. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41440-017-0008-y.
Lira JAC, Nogueira LT, Oliveira BMA de, Soares D dos R, Santos AMR dos, Araújo elma ME de. Diabetes Mellitus na Atenção Primária *. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2021;55:1–10.
Tiktin M, Celik S, Berard L. Understanding adherence to medications in type 2 diabetes care and clinical trials to overcome barriers: A narrative review. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016;32(2):277–87.
Lim JZM, Ng NSL, Thomas C. Prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. J R Soc Med. 2017;110(3):104–9.
Nemcová J, Hlinková E. The efficacy of diabetic foot care education. J Clin Nurs. 2014;23(5–6):877–82.
