O treinamento muscular inspiratório incrementa o equilíbrio postural em pacientes submetidos à reabilitação cardíaca: um estudo piloto.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2236583455403Keywords:
Exercício, Doença das Coronárias, Reabilitação Cardíaca, Força Muscular, Equilíbrio Postural.Abstract
Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI) associado à reabilitação cardíaca (RC) no equilíbrio postural, força muscular inspiratória e periférica de pacientes inseridos na Fase II da RC. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de delineamento do tipo quase-experimental. Previamente as avaliações iniciais, 12 indivíduos foram randomizados em grupo treinamento muscular inspiratório (GTMI, n=7), com carga de treinamento de moderada a alta intensidade ou em grupo treinamento muscular inspiratório Sham (GTMIS, n=5) com carga mínima mantida constante. Os seguintes desfechos foram avaliados: equilíbrio postural (Berg Balance Scale-BBS e Balance Evaluation Systems Test-BESTest); força muscular inspiratória (pressão inspiratória máxima-PImáx); força muscular periférica (teste de uma repetição máxima-1RM); confiança auto-percebida (Activities-specific Balance Confidence-ABC); mobilidade funcional (Timed Up and Go-TUG) e velocidade da marcha (teste de velocidade da marcha de 6 metros). O protocolo de treinamento consistiu em TMI, exercício aeróbico e resistido durante 12 semanas, com duas sessões semanais. Resultados: Os achados deste estudo piloto demonstraram que após intervenção, na comparação intra grupo, o GTMI apresentou incremento no escore do BESTest (pré 94,7 pontos vs pós 101 pontos, p=<0,001), na PImáx expressos em valores absolutos (pré 81,43 cmH2O vs pós 105,86 cmH2O, p=0,006) e na porcentagem atingida do predito (pré 89,37% vs pós 115,10%, p=0,002), assim como, a redução no tempo do TUG (pré 8,04 s vs pós 6,54 s, p=0,009). Na comparação entre os grupos, houve aumento no escore do BESTest (p=0,049) e na PImáx expressos em valores absolutos (p=0,041) e na porcentagem atingida do predito (p=0,017) à favor do GTMI. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo piloto sugerem que o TMI combinado à RC propiciou incremento no equilíbrio postural e na força muscular inspiratória, porém sem implicações na força muscular periférica de cardiopatas inseridos na RC – Fase II.
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