Correlações entre biogás e metano dissolvido gerados e parâmetros físico-químicos do esgoto em reatores tipo UASB modificado em escala real
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2236117073721Palavras-chave:
Biogás, Metano dissolvido, esgoto doméstico, Correlações estatísticas, Reatores UASBResumo
A tecnologia anaeróbia é¬ amplamente utilizada no Brasil para o tratamento de esgoto doméstico, devido a condições favoráveis, como clima quente e menores custos operacionais. Nesse processo, subprodutos como o biogás são formados, os quais podem ser recuperados e convertidos em energia. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo relatar as correlações entre a produção de biogás — nas formas gasosa e dissolvida — e os parâmetros do esgoto doméstico, utilizando reatores anaeróbios do tipo UASB modificado em escala real, instalados em Curitiba – Paraná. As medições foram realizadas em tempo real, ao longo de cinco meses. Os parâmetros monitorados no afluente e no efluente incluíram pH, temperatura, alcalinidade, acidez, SST, SSV, SSF, DQO, sulfato, metano dissolvido e vazão. Os parâmetros do biogás incluíram vazão e concentrações de metano, dióxido de carbono e sulfeto de hidrogênio. Para avaliar as relações entre as variáveis nas fases gasosa e líquida, foram aplicados testes de correlação de Spearman. Os resultados operacionais demonstraram baixas eficiências de remoção de DBO, DQO e SST, atribuídas ao desenho aberto do separador trifásico desse tipo de reator. A maioria das correlações entre os parâmetros do esgoto (afluente e efluente) e a vazão de biogás foram moderadas e positivas, indicando que, à medida que a vazão de biogás aumentava ou diminuía, esses parâmetros seguiam a mesma tendência. No entanto, as correlações entre os parâmetros do esgoto e as concentrações de metano dissolvido foram fracas ou estatisticamente não significativas, sugerindo a necessidade de novos estudos para melhor compreender os fatores que influenciam essa fração relevante, porém frequentemente negligenciada, do metano.
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