Perfis e motivações de voluntários em desastres: uma proposta de framework no contexto brasileiro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465985085Palavras-chave:
Desastre, Voluntários, Motivação, Perfis, BrasilResumo
Propósito: Os desastres ambientais têm causado vários danos humanos, ecológicos e econômicos em todo o Mundo. Para reduzir os potenciais danos e salvar vidas a curto prazo, surgem os voluntários envolvidos no apoio em situações de desastre. Diante desse cenário, estudos sobre voluntários que atuam em contextos de desastres no Brasil revelam-se um tema de pesquisa interessante e necessário.
Design/metodologia/abordagem: Esta pesquisa adotou uma metodologia qualitativa, com 16 entrevistas semiestruturadas e em profundidade. O processo de seleção dos participantes foi realizado por meio da técnica de amostragem bola de neve, concentrando-se em voluntários que atuam em resposta a desastres no contexto brasileiro. Uma análise de conteúdo detalhada foi realizada. As motivações descobertas foram então cuidadosamente comparadas e contrastadas com o Inventário de Funções do Voluntariado (VFI), que é baseado na teoria funcionalista psicológica do voluntariado. Descobertas: Os resultados deste estudo avançam a literatura ao confirmar quatro motivações dos voluntários para agir em desastres como os identificados no VFI - valores, aprimoramento, proteção e social. Além disso, este estudo contribui ao trazer à tona duas novas motivações, conhecimento e prontidão que emergiram da análise dos dados de conteúdo. O estudo também avança ao agrupar os perfis de comportamento determinados a partir dessas motivações como especialista, sensível, altruísta, iniciante e social. Originalidade/valor: Com base nos resultados, foi proposto um Quadro de Voluntariado em Desastres que serve de base para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para o governo e auxilia as instituições que trabalham na gestão de desastres na atração de novos voluntários.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Bianca Pinto Carvalho, Wildenilson Sinhorini Vieira da Silva, Marcelo de Almeida Barros, Clécio Falcão Araujo, Stefânia Ordovás de Almeida
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