Impactos da matriz energética no desenvolvimento sustentável do Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465964409Palabras clave:
Matriz energética. Energias renováveis. Desenvolvimento sustentável.Resumen
Objetivo: Analisar os impactos da matriz energética e sua relação com o desenvolvimento sustentável.
Metodologia: Classifica-se o estudo como descritivo, composto de métodos mistos, tendo como base os resultados da ANEEL 2020, divulgados no Sistemas de Informação de Geração da ANEEL SIGA, e os resultados da EPE dos anos de 2015 a 2019, divulgados no Balanço Energético Nacional.
Resultados: Como principais resultados, destaca-se que a matriz energética do Brasil vem passando por mudanças, especialmente nos últimos cinco anos, levando em consideração as principais energias renováveis consumidas e emergentes no mercado. As energias renováveis no período de 2015 a 2019 tiveram um crescimento em torno de 12%, enquanto as energias não renováveis tiveram uma redução de 8,4%, contudo a matriz energética mundial mostra-se de modo contrária à matriz brasileira, na qual as energias não renováveis tiveram um aumento de 0,1% e as energias renováveis tiveram uma redução de aproximadamente 0,8%.
Originalidade / valor: Com o aumento da demanda de consumo de energia e considerando problemas ambientais, como o aquecimento global, a busca por uma matriz energética mais limpa tornou-se o foco de diversas pesquisas. Assim, este estudo visa propor que, tanto no caso brasileiro – o qual já é tratado como exemplo - quanto no caso mundial, pode-se explorar de maneira mais satisfatória suas reservas energéticas, adotando-se uma matriz energética diversificada e eficiente, de modo a reduzir os impactos ambientais.
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