Segurança energética a partir do pré-sal brasileiro: uma análise via setores militar, político, societal, ambiental e econômico

Abstract

This article seeks to analyse the concept’s elasticity of energy security from five sectors of analyses (military, political, societal, environmental and economic) that were proposed by Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver e Jaap de Wilde. It will be discussed, as a case of study, the discovery announcement of petroleum at the pre-salt layer, in 2003, and its implications to that conceptualization. It will be used, as a argumentation and justification method, some Brazilian official documents, such as Política Nacional de Defesa (National Policy of Defense) and Estratégia Nacional de Defesa (National Strategy of Defense), authority speeches and some other documents that can be relevant to this analyzes. Brazil, after the discovery of petroleum in the pre-salt layer, becomes one of the most relevant countries in the world to rely on abundant wealth of energy resources, specially the petroleum; it is not just in economic terms, but also in politics, social, etc. It will be sought to answer the doubt concerning the pre-salt layer that, besides offering benefits, can also offers questions that will call the national defense system in front of potential or real threats. So, the proposition of this analyzes is to look for the concept of energy security considering the pre-salt layer using the already mentioned sectors of analyzes and, besides that, to present the sectors themselves and bringing to this study concepts such as securitization and the Brazilian energy sources with special attention to the pre-salt layer.