Tillandsia Usneoides (L.) as tool of monitoring of atmospheric pollution to trace metals in Campinas and Paulínia cities, São Paulo state, SP, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2236117011293Keywords:
Bioindicator, Tillandsia usneoides L., Atmospheric pollution, Trace metal, Campinas cityAbstract
The monitoring of the atmosphere in region of Campinas and Paulínia with placing in field of bromeliad Tillandsia usneoides (L.) covered seven areas in according to identification of different sources and distances involved during five periods between April (2009) to March (2010). Samples were introduced by about two months in each of the five sequential intervals between April (2009) to March (2010). The goals were to know the seasonal and spatial variation of metals concentration in T. usneoides from analysis by ICP-MS, and the relationship with climatic and air quality data, in order to estimate about the atmospheric exposure. The highest values were in September-November/09 as result of concentration of particulate matter (PM10), carbon oxide (CO) and ozone (O3) due climatic conditions not favorable to dispersion. In November/09-January/10 occurred the increase of wet deposition . Increasing of the concentration of Ni e Co in CSC and FEAGRI can be an indicative of industrial origin. CENTRO revealed the higher levels for Ba, Sn, Cu and Sb than observed in Paulínia, and associated to vehicular sources. CABRAS and MSG obtained the lowest levels for metals because the distance from local sources and by unfavorable principal northwestern-north wind direction (NO)Downloads
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