As fronteiras planetárias como forma de avaliação do desempenho ambiental: uma proposta de abordagem metodológica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465986895Palavras-chave:
Desenvolvimento sustentável, Fronteiras planetárias, Avaliação de desempenho ambiental, Setor de óleo e gásResumo
Objetivo: Esse estudo tem como objetivo demonstrar como as fronteiras planetárias podem servir como método de avaliação do desempenho ambiental das organizações.
Metodologia: O estudo se baseia em diferentes métodos de coleta e análise de dados, partindo da literatura sobre fronteiras planetárias e sua mensuração, levantamento de dados secundários e uso de dois exemplos ilustrativos com duas empresas atuantes no setor de óleo e gás no segmento de upstream.
Resultados: Foi necessário, inicialmente, que se validasse o downscaling das fronteiras planetárias para o nível de análise empresarial para então aplicar o modelo conceitual proposto para dois casos de empresas atuantes do setor de óleo e gás no segmento de upstream. O método de downscaling proposto se mostrou adequado, eficaz e plausível, assim como a utilização das fronteiras planetárias como método de avaliação do desempenho ambiental das organizações.
Implicações: Esse estudo estabeleceu uma contribuição de natureza metodológica e prática, que permite às empresas do setor avaliarem e serem avaliadas a partir da necessidade de se respeitar os limites biofísicos do sistema terrestre.
Originalidade/Relevância: O conceito de fronteiras planetárias fornece um ponto de partida para a compreensão da compatibilidade entre a busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável e o atual modelo econômico, uma vez que o capital natural consumido é fisicamente finito. Ainda, um fator crítico nessa busca é o papel desempenhado pelas empresas, isso porque o aumento da pressão sobre o consumo de recursos naturais impacta diretamente a operação empresarial.
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