Desenvolvimento de um índice inovador para avaliar o risco em saúde do trabalhador: o WHRI aplicado em uma indústria de petróleo na Bahia, Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465963715Palavras-chave:
Index development. Worker’s health risk index (WHRI). Sustainable working conditions. Risk managementResumo
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi o de avaliar o risco em saúde do trabalhador, com foco no desenvolvimento sustentável em contexto de trabalho e com base no desenvolvimento e aplicação do Índice de Risco à Saúde do Trabalhador (WHRI) numa indústria de extração e produção de petróleo na Bahia, Brasil.
Desenho / metodologia / abordagem: A amostra, obtida por amostragem por cotas, é composta por 965 participantes. A etapa de desenvolvimento integrou um grupo de 10 especialistas, entre os quais médicos, enfermeiros, nutricionistas, dentistas e educadores físicos, todos especialistas na área da saúde do trabalhador, além de 3 especialistas na área de ciência dos dados. Três faixas de risco foram definidas: "Baixo", "Moderado" e "Alto".
Resultados: A validação do WHRI revelou confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade, bem como capacidade de identificar diferenças entre a população estudada, segundo sexo, faixa etária e escolaridade. Os resultados indicam que o risco em saúde do trabalhador é maior em homens, com idade acima de 50 anos e baixa escolaridade (p < 0,001). 74% dos participantes estão na faixa de risco "Baixo", 21% na "Moderada" e 5% nas faixa de risco "Alto". Trabalhadores de alto risco são aqueles com diabetes mellitus, triglicerídeos, glicemia e hipertensão alteradas, higiene oral e condição periodontal precárias, tabagismo, menos ativos fisicamente e níveis mais elevados de abstenção (todos com p < 0,05).
Originalidade: A principal contribuição do WHRI é o de disponibilizar uma ferramenta útil para a identificação do risco em saúde do trabalhador, contribuindo para definir políticas mais claras de promoção, prevenção e intervenção em saúde no contexto laboral.
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