Clinical-radiographic, histopathological characteristics and therapeutic modalities of unicystic ameloblastoma: an integrative review of clinical cases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2236583487933Keywords:
Oral pathology, Odontogenic tumors, AmeloblastomaAbstract
Unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) is a benign odontogenic tumor with clinical and radiographic features similar to a cyst. Although the recommended treatment is enucleation, there is no consensus in the literature on the most appropriate treatment. The objective of this work is to review the clinical-radiological and histopathological characteristics, in order to direct the diagnosis and the most appropriate treatment for UA. This is an integrative review of the literature. Among 324 studies identified, only 17 articles were selected for the construction of this review, totaling 18 cases of UA duly diagnosed through histopathological analysis. UA presents a variety of clinical-radiological and histopathological characteristics, which must be considered when choosing the type of treatment. From this review, it is noted that, in general, UA does not have a predilection for sex and affects younger individuals, usually in the 1st and 2nd decade of life. It is generally located in the posterior region of the jaw and causes a painless increase in volume. Radiographically, it often has a unilocular radiolucent appearance. Histologically, UA resembles the morphogenetic pattern of the enamel organ, however, it is not capable of synthesizing the enamel matrix protein. In this context, UA is classified into three histopathological subtypes of proliferation: luminal (subtype 1), intraluminal (subtype 2) and mural (subtype 3). It is concluded that the pathologist must recognize the histological subtypes, which influence the biological behavior of the lesion. It is therefore inferred that conservative treatments are appropriate for the luminal and intraluminal subtypes, but, if there is mural invasion, more radical management is necessary due to the chance of recurrence.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Josivaldo Bezerra Soares, Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan, Katia Caetana Pereira, Carlos Eduardo de Oliveira Góes, Victor Samuel de Almeida Lopes, Danielle Araújo Izidio Carvalho de Azevedo, Yann Cecchetti Vaz Cardoso, Edmundo Junio Rodrigues de Almeida, Bianca Gomes Teixeira, Hélder Domiciano Dantas Martins
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