Pontos fortes e desafios dos exercícios simulados de mesa para a resiliência climática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465995066Palavras-chave:
Resiliência climática, Exercícios simulados de mesa, Eventos climáticos extremosResumo
Contextualização: Eventos climáticos extremos impulsionados pelas mudanças climáticas ameaçam cada vez mais a sociedade. Os exercícios simulados de mesa (Tabletop Exercises – TTX) surgem como ferramentas participativas vitais para a coordenação de resposta e adaptação climática.
Objetivo: Há uma lacuna persistente de análises estruturadas quanto à sua aplicação aos riscos climáticos. Este estudo mapeia perfis de participantes, metodologias e inovações tecnológicas para fornecer um panorama sistemático da eficácia dos TTX.
Abordagem metodológica: Com apoio da Engenharia de Resiliência, que estuda o sucesso sob condições de variabilidade, este trabalho vê os TTX como um meio de identificar pontos fortes e vulnerabilidades, impulsionando assim a capacidade adaptativa. Neste contexto, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática utilizando o protocolo PRISMA nas bases Scopus e Web of Science. Dez artigos revisados por pares atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade para a análise final.
Resultados e Discussão: Os TTX provaram ser versáteis em múltiplos setores, promovendo a consciência situacional, a tomada de decisão colaborativa e a aprendizagem social. Embora as plataformas digitais e os modelos de simulação representem inovações tecnológicas significativas, permanecem lacunas de governança, particularmente na ativação do comando unificado e na inclusão de populações leigas.
Conclusão: Os TTX são instrumentos custo-efetivos para desenvolver capacidades críticas e integrar atores na gestão de eventos climáticos extremos. Além de melhorar o desempenho imediato, geram insights aplicáveis a estratégias de longo prazo em resiliência climática. Contudo, persistem desafios quanto à inclusão social e à coordenação de resposta, indicando a necessidade de práticas mais inclusivas e robustas.
Originalidade/valor: Esta revisão contribui para o avanço da literatura ao reformular o TTX como mecanismos para revelar fragilidades sistêmicas e apoiar a aprendizagem social, em vez de meras ferramentas de treinamento, ao mesmo tempo que identifica lacunas de governança e sociais persistentes relevantes para políticas e práticas.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Luiz Eduardo Brezolin Lopes, Julia Neri Gezatt, Stela Xavier Terra
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