Transformação genética em espécies florestais.

Autores

  • Claudia Studart-Guimarães UFSM
  • Cristiano Lacorte
  • Ana Cristina Miranda Brasileiro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5902/198050981735

Palavras-chave:

biotecnologia, melhoramento

Resumo

A transformação genética, que compreende a introdução de genes exógenos de forma controlada no genoma de uma célula vegetal e posterior regeneração da planta transgênica, tem contribuído com os programas de melhoramento genético de plantas pela obtenção de genótipos com novas características de interesse. O melhoramento de espécies florestais é limitado por características intrínsecas a tais espécies, como a altura dos indivíduos e o ciclo longo de vida. A transformação genética constitui, portanto, uma alternativa para a obtenção de espécies florestais com características desejáveis em um menor espaço de tempo. Plantas transgênicas com resistência a determinadas pragas, com melhor qualidade de madeira, maior produção de biomassa, tolerância a herbicidas, entre outras características de interesse, já foram obtidas para diferentes espécies florestais de importância econômica como álamo, eucalipto e pinheiros em geral. Este trabalho mostra a importância da transformação genética, associada a outras técnicas biotecnológicas no melhoramento de espécies florestais, as técnicas de transformação mais utilizadas e as características que já foram introduzidas nessas espécies pela transformação.

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Referências

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Studart-Guimarães, C., Lacorte, C., & Brasileiro, A. C. M. (2005). Transformação genética em espécies florestais. Ciência Florestal, 13(1), 131–136. https://doi.org/10.5902/198050981735

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