Mental health of urban population: a call to action
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5902/2965694X91879Palavras-chave:
Saúde mental, População urbana, Bem-estar mental, Políticas públicasResumo
Rapid urbanization across the globe significantly challenges the mental health of urban populations. This paper explores the intricate relationship between urban living and mental well-being, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive research and precise interventions to counteract the negative impacts of urban life on mental health. It emphasizes the critical role of adopting a multidisciplinary and intersectoral approach, weaving together public policy, urban planning, community initiatives, and readily accessible mental health services. By focusing on the determinants of mental health in urban settings, such as environmental, social, and economic factors, the study advocates for strategies that improve access to green spaces, bolster social cohesion, and promote economic fairness. It also underscores the transformative potential of technology in making mental health services more accessible and the pivotal importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in navigating the intricacies of urban mental well-being challenges. This paper issues a call to action, urging policymakers, urban planners, and health professionals to place mental health at the forefront of urban agendas, thereby cultivating environments conducive to psychological well-being and effectively tackling the distinctive challenges of urban living.
Downloads
Referências
N. Okkels, C. B. Kristiansen, P. Munk-Jørgensen, & N. Sartorius,(2018) Urban mental health, Curr Opin Psychiatry, 31, 3, 258–264, doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000413.
O. Gruebner, M. A. Rapp, M. Adli, U. Kluge, S. Galea, & A. Heinz,(2017) Cities and Mental Health, Dtsch Arztebl Int, doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0121.
M. G. Carta & D. Bhugra (2019) Urbanization and mental health, in Urban Mental Health (Oxford Cultural Psychiatry series), D. Bhugra, A. Ventriglio, J. Castaldelli-Maia, and L. McCay, Eds., Oxford University Press, 83–95. doi: 10.1093/med/9780198804949.003.0007.
G. Marasini, F. Caleffi, L. M. Machado, & B. M. Pereira(2022) Psychological consequences of motor vehicle accidents: A systematic review, Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav, 89, 249–264, doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2022.06.017.
World Health Organization, Mental health: strengthening our response, Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response, 2018.
M. Rutter (2005) “Environmentally Mediated Risks for Psychopathology: Research Strategies and Findings,” J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 44, 1, 3–18, doi: 10.1097/01.chi.0000145374.45992.c9.
F. Lederbogen, L. Haddad, & A. Meyer-Lindenberg (2013) “Urban social stress – Risk factor for mental disorders. The case of schizophrenia,” Environmental Pollution, 183, 2–6, , doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.046.
L. E. Marchionatti, A. Caye, & C. Kieling (2022 ) The mental health of children and young people living in big cities in a revolving postpandemic world, Curr Opin Psychiatry, 35, 3, 200–206, doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000769.
J. A. Costa e Silva & R. E. Steffen (2019) Urban environment and psychiatric disorders: a review of the neuroscience and biology, Metabolism, 100, 153940, doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.07.004.
T. Münzel et al. (2016) Environmental stressors and cardio-metabolic disease: part I–epidemiologic evidence supporting a role for noise and air pollution and effects of mitigation strategies, Eur Heart J, p. ehw269, doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw269.
M. Martin-Carrasco et al. (2016) EPA guidance on mental health and economic crises in Europe, Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 266, 2, 89–124, doi: 10.1007/s00406-016-0681-x.
M. Ridley, G. Rao, F. Schilbach, & V. Patel (2020) Poverty, depression, and anxiety: Causal evidence and mechanisms, Science (1979), 370, 6522, doi: 10.1126/science.aay0214.
D. Vlahov (2002) Urbanization, Urbanicity, and Health, J Urban Health, 79, 90001, 1S – 12, doi: 10.1093/jurban/79.suppl_1.S1.
J. Peen, R. A. Schoevers, A. T. Beekman, & J. Dekker (2010) The current status of urban‐rural differences in psychiatric disorders, Acta Psychiatr Scand, 121, 2, 84–93, doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01438.x.
F. Lederbogen et al. (2011) City living and urban upbringing affect neural social stress processing in humans, Nature, 474, 7352, 498–501, doi: 10.1038/nature10190.
C. S. Aneshensel & C. A. Sucoff (1996) The Neighborhood Context of Adolescent Mental Health,”J Health Soc Behav, 37, 4, 293, doi: 10.2307/2137258.
C. T. Dawson et al. (2019) Perceived neighborhood social cohesion moderates the relationship between neighborhood structural disadvantage and adolescent depressive symptoms, Health Place, 56, 88–98, doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.01.001.
C. Knoester & D. L. Haynie (2005) Community Context, Social Integration Into Family, and Youth Violence, Journal of Marriage and Family, 67, 3, 767–780, doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2005.00168.x.
V. H. M. Bartelink, K. Zay Ya, K. Guldbrandsson, & S. Bremberg (2020) Unemployment among young people and mental health: A systematic review, Scand J Public Health, 48, 5, 544–558, doi: 10.1177/1403494819852847.
R. M. Urbanos-Garrido & B. G. Lopez-Valcarcel (2015) The influence of the economic crisis on the association between unemployment and health: an empirical analysis for Spain, The European Journal of Health Economics, 16, 2, 175–184, doi: 10.1007/s10198-014-0563-y.
A. Virgolino et al. (2022) Lost in transition: a systematic review of the association between unemployment and mental health, Journal of Mental Health, 31, 3, 432–444, doi: 10.1080/09638237.2021.2022615.
M. Boden et al. (2021) Addressing the mental health impact of COVID-19 through population health, Clin Psychol Rev, 85, 102006, doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102006.
S. Özdin & Ş. Bayrak Özdin (2020) Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender, International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66, 5, 504–511, doi: 10.1177/0020764020927051.
F. Pashazadeh Kan et al. (2021) A systematic review of the prevalence of anxiety among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic, J Affect Disord, 293, 391–398, doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.073.
H. Samji et al. (2022) Review: Mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and youth – a systematic review, Child Adolesc Ment Health, 27, 2, 173–189, doi: 10.1111/camh.12501.
D. F. Santomauro et al. (2021) Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, The Lancet, 398, 10312, 1700–1712, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02143-7.
L. Duan et al. (2020) An investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in china during the outbreak of COVID-19, J Affect Disord, 275, 112–118, doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.029.
D. Fancourt, A. Steptoe, & F. Bu, (2021) Trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms during enforced isolation due to COVID-19 in England: a longitudinal observational study, Lancet Psychiatry, 8, 2, 141–149, doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30482-X.
M. L. Tee et al. (2020) Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines, J Affect Disord, 277, 379–391, doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.043.
C. González-Sanguino et al. (2020) Mental health consequences during the initial stage of the 2020 Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in Spain, Brain Behav Immun, 87, 172–176, doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.040.
L. M. McCracken, F. Badinlou, M. Buhrman, & K. C. Brocki, (2020) “Psychological impact of COVID-19 in the Swedish population: Depression, anxiety, and insomnia and their associations to risk and vulnerability factors,” European Psychiatry, 63, 1, e81, doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.81.
A. Tarazona Vento (2017) Mega-project meltdown: Post-politics, neoliberal urban regeneration and Valencia’s fiscal crisis, Urban Studies, 54, 1, 68–84, doi: 10.1177/0042098015625025.
C. Koszowski, R. Gerike, S. Hubrich, T. Götschi, M. Pohle, & R. Wittwer, (2019) Active Mobility: Bringing Together Transport Planning, Urban Planning, and Public Health, in In: Müller, B., Meyer, G. (eds) Towards User-Centric Transport in Europe. Lecture Notes in Mobility. Springer, Cham, 149–171. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-99756-8_11.
G. N. Bratman, J. P. Hamilton, K. S. Hahn, G. C. Daily, & J. J. Gross (2015) Nature experience reduces rumination and subgenual prefrontal cortex activation, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112, 28, 8567–8572, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1510459112.
H. L. Ramey & L. Rose-Krasnor (2015) The new mentality: Youth–adult partnerships in community mental health promotion, Child Youth Serv Rev, 50, 28–37, doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.01.006.
T. Dunne, L. Bishop, S. Avery, & S. Darcy (2017) A Review of Effective Youth Engagement Strategies for Mental Health and Substance Use Interventions, Journal of Adolescent Health, 60, 5, 487–512, doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.11.019.
R. Magalhães, L. C. Gomes, C. Afonso, R. E. A. Brandão, P. C. Dias, & M. Mattos (2018) Health Promoting Schools: Implementation Challenges, Barriers, and Lessons from a Case Study, in Globalization and Health Inequities in Latin America, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 107–116. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-67292-2_6.
P. Apparicio, J. Gelb, A.-S. Dubé, S. Kingham, L. Gauvin, & É. Robitaille, (2017) The approaches to measuring the potential spatial access to urban health services revisited: distance types and aggregation-error issues, Int J Health Geogr, 16, 1, 32, doi: 10.1186/s12942-017-0105-9.
T. I. Shah, S. Bell, & K. Wilson (2016) Spatial Accessibility to Health Care Services: Identifying under-Serviced Neighbourhoods in Canadian Urban Areas, PLoS One, 11,12, e0168208, , doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168208.
G. Sharma & G. R. Patil (2021) Public transit accessibility approach to understand the equity for public healthcare services: A case study of Greater Mumbai, J Transp Geogr, vol. 94, p. 103123, doi: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103123.
F. M. C. Cardoso & J. P. S. Macedo (2016) A Regionalização da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial no Piauí: Caminhos e Percursos, Revista FSA, 13, 4, 235–261, doi: 10.12819/2016.13.4.12.
H. K. Y. Almathami, K. T. Win, & E. Vlahu-Gjorgievska (2020) Barriers and Facilitators That Influence Telemedicine-Based, Real-Time, Online Consultation at Patients’ Homes: Systematic Literature Review, J Med Internet Res, 22, 2, e16407, doi: 10.2196/16407.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Felipe Caleffi, Gisele Marasini

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
A revista adota o padrão de licença Creative Commons, de acesso livre.

