Matrix impact on watersheds management with optical sustainable agricultural productivity and health of the rural population: A case study in four regions of the watershed Rio do Colégio - São Fidelis – RJ

Abstract

The present work aimed to evaluate the preservation of natural resources River College watershed as well as the health of the rural population. The watershed was divided into sub-areas which were visited, and interviews conducted microbiological analysis of water. An impact matrix based on population health, rural sanitation and the use of natural resources was created. The matrix was effective in identifying the main impacts in each region of the watershed. The highest incidence sewage peridomicilary, was found in the regions of Santo Aleixo and Toca Fria. Lack of management with cattle was a problem observed in all regions analyzed, resulting in a significant increase in E. coli coliform. All interviewed population consumes untreated water. In regions of the Toca Fria, Santo Aleixo and Aracaju the population makes use of free nascent of contamination from domestic sewage, but with access to cattle in most cases. In the Rio do Colégio region some families use water from the main course. High rates of diarrhea and worms coincide with the areas of greatest significance of impact indicated by the matrix. Mitigation measures were presented low economic cost and with high visibility to characterized impacts.